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1、2021-2022年宁夏回族自治区固原市考研外语学校:_ 班级:_ 姓名:_ 考号:_一、单选题(3题)1.AleadingBnobleCcontrollingDprincipal2.ASoBButCOrDThen3.AmutedBdiscoveredCdoubledDundervalued二、阅读理解(5题)4.5.The word “devastating” (Line 3, Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to _AdestructiveBregretfulCfrustratingDterrible6.Text 3Scholastic thinker
2、s held a wide variety of doctrines in both philosophy and theology, the study of religion. What gives unity to the whole Scholastic movement, the academic practice in Europe from the 9th to the 17th centuries, are the common aims, attitudes, and methods generally accepted by all its members. The chi
3、ef concern of the Scholastics was not to discover new facts but to integrate the knowledge already acquired separately by Greek reasoning and Christian revelation. This concern is one of the most characteristic differences between Scholasticism and modern thought since the Renaissance.The basic aim
4、of the Scholastics determined certain common attitudes, the most important of which was their conviction of the fundamental harmony between reason and revelation. The Scholastics maintained that because the same God was the source of both types of knowledge and truth was one of his chief attributes,
5、 he could not contradict himself in these two ways of speaking. Any apparent opposition between revelation and reason could be traced either to an incorrect use of reason or to an inaccurate interpretation of the words of revelation. Because the Scholastics believed that revelation was the direct te
6、aching of God, it possessed for them a higher degree of truth and certainty than did natural reason. In apparent conflicts between religious faith and philosophic reasoning, faith was thus always the supreme arbiter; the theologians decision overruled that of the philosopher. After the early 13th ce
7、ntury, Scholastic thought emphasized more the independence of philosophy within its own domain. Nonetheless, throughout the Scholastic period, philosophy was called the servant of theology, not only because the truth of philosophy was subordinated to that of theology, but also because the theologian
8、 used philosophy to understand and explain revelation.This attitude of Scholasticism stands in sharp contrast to the so-called double-truth theory of the Spanish-Arab philosopher and physician Averros. His theory assumed that truth was accessible to both philosophy and Islamic theology but that only
9、 philosophy could attain it perfectly. The so-called truths of theology served, hence, as imperfect imaginative expressions for the common people of the authentic truth accessible only to philosophy. Averros maintained that philosophic truth could even contradict, at least verbally, the teachings of
10、 Islamic theology.As a result of their belief in the harmony between faith and reason, the Scholastics attempted to determine the precise scope and competence of each of these faculties. Many early Scholastics, such as the Italian ecclesiastic and philosopher St. Anselm, did not clearly distinguish
11、the two and were overconfident that reason could prove certain doctrines of revelation. Later, at the height of the mature period of Scholasticism, the Italian theologian and philosopher St. Thomas Aquinas worked out a balance between reason and revelation.With the Scholastics, the search for new kn
12、owledge _.Astopped completelyBslowed downCadvanced rapidlyDawaked gradually7.8.What does the author imply when he says “There is usuallyso mindless”（Line 1, Paragraph 2）？ACommentators often interrupt your attention.BTV golf is frequently unaffordable for many.COne needs to pay handsomely for the set
13、ting.DSome essential parts of the game are missing.三、1.Use of English(20题)9. Energy will be one of the defining issues of this century. One thing is clear: the era of (1)_ oil is over. What we all do next will determine how well we meet the energy needs of the entire world in this century and (2)_.D
14、emand is soaring like (3)_ before. As populations grow and economies (4)_, millions in the developing world are enjoying the benefits of a lifestyle. that (5)_ increasing amounts of energy. In fact, some say that in 20 years the world will (6)_ 40% more oil than it does today. At the same time, many
15、 of the worlds oil and gas fields are (7)_ And new energy discoveries are mainly occurring in places where resources are difficult to (8)_, physically, economically and even politically. When growing demand meets (9)_ supplies, the result is more (10)_ for the same resources.We can wait until a crisis forces us to do something. (11)_ we can (12)_ to working together, and start by asking the (13)_ questions: How do we meet the energy needs of the developing world and those of industrialized nat
