3　UNIT 3　 Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures教案课件习题-高中英语必修二

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 现在完成时的被动语态 1．(教材P28)Much_has_been_written(write) about the wonders of the World Wide Web． 2．(教材P28)But the Internet has_done(do) much more for people than simply make life more convenient． 3．(教材P28)Many people have_been_helped(help) by the club． 4．(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company_has_become(become) quite successful． 5．(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has_been_asked(ask) many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 一、现在完成时的被动语态的结构 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done．．． 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done．．． 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done．．．？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done．．．？ ◆He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting． 他已被挑选出来参加运动会。 ◆The ink has not been removed from his overcoat． 墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。 ◆Has the date for the next meeting been decided? 下次会议的日期已确定了吗？ ◆How long has the battery not been changed? 电池多久没有更换了？ 【即时演练1】——句型转换 The children have already been told the good news． ①将上面的句子变为否定句。 The_children_haven’t_been_told_the_good_news_yet． ②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。 Have_the_children_been_told_the_good_news_yet? ③对上面句子中的The children进行提问。 Who_has_been_told_the_good_news_yet? 二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法 1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。 ◆The machine has already been repaired． 机器已经修好了。 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long ．．．？”句型中。 ◆Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours． 公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。 ◆How long has this film been shown? 这部电影已放映多长时间了？ 3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 ◆You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished． 在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有： already　　　　 已经　　　　 yet　　　　 已经 recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起 ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经 so far 迄今为止 by now 到现在为止 for a long time 　　　　　　　　　　 很长一段时间 in recent years 在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里 【即时演练2】 (1)用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子 ①Jack’s boss has always praised him for his devotion to work． →Jack has_always_been_praised by his boss for his devotion to work． ②They have found a good place to build a temple in the village． →A good place has_been_found to build a temple in the village． ③We haven’t yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem．　 →How to solve that difficult technological problem hasn’t_been_decided yet． (2)完成句子 ④当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。 I will go home when my homework has_been_finished． ⑤纸币已被使用了1 000多年了。 Paper money has_been_used for over one thousand years． (1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 ◆His boss has already punished him． →He has already been punished (by his boss)． (2)带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 ◆He gave the little girl an apple．→The little girl was given an apple (by him)． →An apple was given to the little girl (by him)． 【即时演练3】——将下面句子变为被动语态 ①I have asked her to help you． →She_has_been_asked_to_help_you． ②We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years． →Many_trees_have__been_planted_on_the_hill_in_the_last_5_years． ③He has sent me an e­mail． →I_have_been_sent_an_e­mail． →An_e­mail_has_been_sent_to_me． 单句语法填空 1．A great many machines have_been_produced(produce) by the factory since the technological revolution． 2．Great changes have_taken(take) place in my hometown and a lot of factories have_been_set(set) up in the past ten years． 3．In the last few years, thousands of films have_been_produced(produce) all over the world． 4．Up to now, a lot of high­rise buildings have_been_built(build) in our city． 5．Over the past three years, more than $10 million has_been_spent(spend) carrying out the project． 6．The robots have_been_used(use) to help humans do some dangerous work since the late 1990s． 7．The English song has_been_sung(sing) for many years, but we still like it． 8．Professor Yang has_been_invited(invite) to the film festival twice so far． 9．Over time I have_been_changed(change) quite a lot． 10．It has_been_used(use) in offices and homes since the 1970s． 句型转换 1．We have sent some rockets to space to explore the Moon and Mars． Some rockets have_been_sent to space by us to explore the Moon and Mars． 2．Robert has bought an iPhone using his own money． An iPhone has_been_bought by Robert using his own money． 3．The famous company has given the computers away to those high schools． The computers have_been_given_away to those high schools by the famous company． 4．The local government has chosen the university to organise the training course． The university has_been_chosen by the local government to organise the training course． 5．They haven’t told me that the meeting will be put off until next Friday． I haven’t_been_told that the meeting will be put off until next Friday． 6．People use bamboo in many different ways for t