高分“背出”六级、考研写作-新概念

46ji新版念英语必背36篇丈章新 概 念 三 Lesson 14 A noble gangster贵族歹徒There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses is Chicago had to pay largesums of money to gangsters in return for protection.If the money was not paid promptly,thegangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.Obtainingprotection money is not a modern crime.As long ago as the fourteenth century,an Englishman,Sir John Hawkwood,made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums ofmoney than have their life work destroyed bv gangsters.Six hundred years ago,Sir Johan Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers andsettled near Florence.He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italiansas Giovanni Acuto.Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other,Hawkwood usedto hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded.In times ofpeace,when business was bad,Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and,afterburning down a few farms,would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them.Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way.In spite of this,the Italians regarded him asa sort of hero.When he died at the age of eighty,the Florentines gave him a state funeral and hada pictured painted which was dedicated to the memory of the most valiant soldier and mostnotable leader,Signor Giovanni Haukodue.曾经有一个时期，芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取”保护工如果交款不及时，歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店，让他破产.榨取“保护金”并不是一种现代的罪恶行径.早在1 4世纪，英国人约翰.霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现:“人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手.600年前，约翰 霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵来到意大利，在佛罗伦萨附近驻扎卜.来,很快就出了名.意大利人叫他乔凡尼.阿库托.每次意大利各城邦之间发生战争，霍克伍德把他的士兵雇佣给愿给他出高价的君主。和平时期，当生意萧条时,霍克伍德便带领士兵进入某个城邦，纵火烧毁两个农场，然后提出，如向他们缴纳保护金，他们便主动撤离。霍克伍德用这种方法挣了大笔钱.尽管如此,意大利人还是把他视作某种英雄。他80岁那年死去时，佛罗伦萨人为他举行了国葬，并为他画像以纪念这位”骁勇无比的战士、杰出的领袖乔凡尼.阿库托先生Lesson 17 The longest suspension bridge in the world世界上景长的吊桥Verrazano,an Italian about whom little is known,sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 andnamed it Angouleme.He described it as a very agreeable situation located within two small hillsin the midst of which flowed a great river.Though Verrazano is bv no means considered to be agreat explorer,his name will probably remain immortal,for on November 21st,1964,the longestsuspension bridge in the world was named after him.The Verrazano Bridge,which was designed by Othmar Ammann,joins Brooklyn to StatenIsland.It has a span of 4,260 feet.The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to betaken into account by its desianer.Two great towers support four huge cables.The towers arebuilt on immense underwater platforms made of steel and concrete.The platforms extend to adepth of over 100 feet under the sea.These alone took sixteen months to build.Above thesurface of the water,the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet.They support the cables fromwhich the bridge has been suspended.Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire.Ithas been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars,it would still only be carrying a thirdof its total capacity.However,size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge.Despite its immens计y,it is both simple and elegant,fulfilling its designers dream to create anenormous object drawn as faintly as possible.1524年，一位鲜为人知的意大利人维拉萨诺驾船驶进纽约港，并将该港名为安古拉姆。他对该港作了这样的描述：“地理位置十分适宜，位于两座小山的中间，一条大河从中间流过”。虽然维拉萨诺绝对算不上一个伟大的探险家，但他的名字将流芳百世，因为1964年11月2 1日建成的一座世界上最长的吊桥是以他的名字命名。维拉萨诺大桥由奥斯马.阿曼设计，连结着布鲁克林与斯塔顿岛，桥 长4,260英尺。由于桥身太长，设计者不得不考虑了地表的形状。两座巨塔支撑着4根粗大的钢缆。塔身建在巨大的水下钢盘混凝土平台上。平台深入海底100英尺。仅这两座塔就花了 16个月才建成。塔身高出水面将近700英尺。高塔支撑着钢缆，而钢缆又悬吊着大桥，4根钢缆中的每根由26,108股钢绳组成据估计，若桥上摆满了汽车，也只不过是桥的总承载力的1/3。然而,这座桥重要特点不仅是它的规模与强度。尽管此桥很大，但它的结构简单，造型优美，实现了设计者企图创造一个“尽量用细线条勾画出一个庞然大物”的梦想。Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza 丹尼东 门多萨Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago.In those days,boxersfought with bare fists for prize money.Because of this,they were known as prize-fighters*.However,boxing was very crude,for there were no rules and a prize-fighter could be seriouslyinjured or even killed during a match.One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza,who was born in1764.The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860,when the Marquis of Queensberry drewup the first set of rules.Though he was technically a prize-fighter,Mendoza did much to changecrude prize-fighting into a sport,for he brought science to the game.In his day,Mendoza eniovedtremendous popularity.He was adored by rich and poor alike.Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing-match when he was only fourteen years old.This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer inEngland.He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn.In fact,Mendozasoon became so successful that Humphries turned against him.The two men quarrelled bitterlyand it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight.A match was held at Stilton,where both men fought for an hour.The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza,but he wasdefeated.Mendoza met Humphries