Unit7&8+Grammar课件【知识点睛+备课精研】 牛津译林版英语八年级下册

The Passive Voice1.The plane _(use)as a training centre.2.The local doctors and nurses _(invite)on board to learn new skills.3.150 patients _(operate)on.4.Most eye problems and deseases can _(cure).5.More money _(need)to carry on with the work.is usedare invitedwere operatedbe curedis needed被动语态被动语态 英语的动词有两种语态，即英语的动词有两种语态，即主动语态主动语态(The Active Voice)与与被动语态被动语态（The Passive Voice)。主主动语态动语态表示主语是动作的执行者表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者表示主语是动作的承受者。Many students study English.(主动语态主动语态)English is studied by many students.(被动语态被动语态)1.The lights were turned off by Tom.2.The windows are cleaned every week.3.Millie closed the door.4.The TV was turned on.5.The boy made a model plane.6.A total(总数总数总数总数)of 8 questions are answered.orActivePassivePassivePassiveActivePassiveActivePassive主语主语+be+过去分词过去分词 be 有有人称人称和和时态时态的变化。的变化。He is supported.We are invited.UNICRF was set up in 1946.被动语态的构成被动语态的构成结构：结构：主语主语+am/is/are+Vt的过去分词的过去分词一、一、一般现在时态的被动语态一般现在时态的被动语态口诀：主变宾，口诀：主变宾，宾变主，宾变主，谓语动词用谓语动词用 be done1.They make shoes.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them).把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子：把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子：1、They speak English.2、They grow rice in South China.English is spoken（by them）.Rice is grown in South China(by them).2.I bought a computer A computer was bought (by me).一般过去时态的被动语态的构成：一般过去时态的被动语态的构成：主语主语+was/were+Vt的过去分词的过去分词 二、二、一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态口诀：主变宾，口诀：主变宾，宾变主，宾变主，谓语动词用谓语动词用 be donewere planted The bridge was把下列句子变成被动语态的句子；把下列句子变成被动语态的句子；1.They planted these trees .These trees .2.The workers built the bridge in 1968 built by the workers in 1968.Tom will clean the room.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleanedby Tom.一般将来时态的被动语态的构成一般将来时态的被动语态的构成:主语主语+will be/be going to be/shall be+will be/be going to be/shall be+V V的过去分词的过去分词三、三、一般将来时态的被动语态一般将来时态的被动语态1、We will have a sports meeting.2、Children will take some photos.3、She is going to buy some food.A sports meeting will be had by us.Some photos will be taken by children.Some food is going to be bought by her.e.g.You should drink more water.More water should be drunkby you.四、含情态动词的被动语态构成：四、含情态动词的被动语态构成：结构：结构：主语主语+情态动词（情态动词（can/may/must/should）+be+V过去分词过去分词1.Lucy may draw the pictures.2.You must turn off the lights.3.They should learn English well.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.被动语态的几种句型1 肯定句 主语+be+过去分词+(by)A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.2 否定句 主语+be+not+过去分词+(by)3 一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词+(by)A sweet song wasnt sung by her on the stage.Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage?4 特殊疑问句 疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by)Where was a sweet song sung by her?用所给动词的被动语态填空用所给动词的被动语态填空:1)your room _ (clean)every day?2)Our classroom _ (not clean)yesterday.3)Both of the two books _(lose)last Sunday.4)The students _(ask)to hand in their homework on time every day.5)-When this kind of computer (make)in Hong Kong?-In 2000.Is cleanedwasnt cleanedwere lostare askedwasmade一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。1.You can do the work all by yourself.The work _ _ _ all by yourself.2.We must plant more trees.More trees _ _ _.3.We should dig a large hole.A large hole _ _ _.4.Can we put our bikes here?_ our bikes _ _ here?5.You mustnt throw rubbish here.Rubbish _ _ _ here.6.We cant see many stars.Many stars _ _ _.小结：小结：1.含情态动词的被动结构：含情态动词的被动结构：_.2.疑问句提前疑问句提前_;否定句：否定句：_+not.can be donemust be plantedshould be dugCanbe putmustnt be thrown cant be seen 情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词情态动词情态动词情态动词情态动词1.Charity activities _(plan/to help the poor).are planned to help the poorWhat they do every yearP99Leaflets _ _(hand out/to people in the street/volunteers).are handed out to peoplein the street by volunteersToys and CDs _(sell/to raise money).are sold to raise moneyWhat they did last weekNew books _ _(send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1,Grade 8 students).were sent to children in poorareas by the Class 1,Grade 8 studentsWarm clothes _(collect/for poor people).were collected for poor peopleA charity show _(hold/the Students Union).was held by the Students UnionMy bike_(not take)yesterday.was not takenWe _(not support)by them.are not supportedP100Amy:Im reading a book about Oxfam.Daniel:Really?Please tell me about it.抓关键词确定时态抓关键词确定时态Amy:OK.Oxfam _(set up)in the UK in 1942,and the first Oxfam shop _(open)in 1948.Now it has about 15,000 shops in all over the world.A lot of things _(sell)in Oxfam shops,including books.The money _(use)by Oxfam to help poor people.was set up was openedare soldis usedDaniel:Thats good.There are also some charity projects in China.One of them _(call)Project Hope.It _(start)in 1989.With its help,millions of poor children all over the country _(give)basic education.is called was started are givenAmy:Yea.Many schools _(build)in poor areas each year.are builtactivities/in Environment Week/a lot of/organize/are going to A lot of activities are going to be organized in Environment Week.design/posters/will/by SandyPosters will be designed by Sandy.A Environment weekTask Three Practiceto all the people/send/leaflets/in the town/will Leaflets will be sent to