中考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解 科普环保类四（含答案）

1、 Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone (里程碑) in space research. On January 3, 2019, Chang'e-4 became the first lunar probe (月球探测器) in history to successfully land on the far side of the moon. The Earth's gravity (重力) slows the moon's rotation (自转), matching it to the speed of its orbit (公转). Therefore, the far side of the moon is almost "dark" and has never been seen. It's this sense of the unknown that makes the far side of the moon such an interesting place for scientific and space research. Being blown by solar (太阳的) winds, the far side may have the special minerals (矿物质 ).  For this reason, Chang'e-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any mineral found by the spacecraft. Chang'e-4 is also carrying flower seeds, potatoes and silkworm eggs to see whether life is possible on the moon. If it is, then the moon will become a possible choice for space travel in the future. However, research of the "dark" side isn't easy. As the far side is blocked（阻断） off from us, radio noise coming off Earth is also blocked. This is why China's relay satellite (中继卫星) Queqiao was sent up in May, 2018. Thanks to Queqiao, the communication problem between Earth and Chang'e-4 has been well solved. Power supply (电源供应) is also a challenge to the task. Chang'e-4 gets energy from the sun through its solar panels. As we know, a lunar day has the length (长度) of 28 Earth days. After Chang'e-4 was sent up on December 8, 2018, it took the probe over 20 days to orbit the moon to be in a position to be able to land in moon daylight and use its solar panels. Luckily, everything goes well, Chang'e-4 has worked on the "dark" side for over 5 months. It has sent back many photos of the far side of the moon and has been used to carry out some scientific experiments. The New York Times used the word "groundbreaking" to praise the task and wrote that "it will offer help to the history and development of the moon". 26. When was Chang'e-4 sent up? A. In May, 2018.         B. On December 8, 2018. C. On January 3, 2019.         D. The passage doesn't tell us. 27. The main tasks of Chang'e-4 don't include ___________________. A. studying if life is possible on the moon B. studying the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface C. solving the communication problem between Earth and other probes D. researching any mineral found by the spacecraft 28. The meaning of the underlined word "groundbreaking" in the last paragraph is the closest to "________________". A. harmful    B. unpredictable    C. risky      D. pioneering 2、 We know people can be nice, but what about animals? Scientists say that some animals are capable（有能力的）of being nice. Animals that live in groups-like foxes, chimpanzees（大猩猩）, and elephants-follow rules. They have to follow rules to get along and to survive（生存）. However, animals can act nicely, even when they don't have to. Here are some surprising stories about animal behavior. Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. Marc Bekoff, a researcher at the University of Colorado, saw a female（母的）red fox do just that. The female fox was unhappy because a male（公的）fox played roughly（粗鲁地）with her. When she walked away, the male fox showed her that he wanted to play nicely. He lowered his head and rolled on his back. The female fox gave him another chance, and this time, he played more gently. Geza Teleki is a scientist who studies chimpanzees in Tanzania. One day, Teleki hiked far away from his campsite. He didn't have any food. Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall. A young chimpanzee watched him curiously as he tried to get something to eat. The chimpanzee climbed the tree, picked the fruit, and gave it to him! An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk（象鼻子）. He needed help because he couldn't put food into his mouth. Researcher Kayhan Ostovar watched silently. He saw the hurt elephant show his sore trunk to a healthy elephant. The healthy elephant didn't need any more information. He took a bush and put it carefully into his new friend's mouth. Hippos（河马）and crocodiles are usually good friends. They hang out together in rivers. But Karen Paolillo, a wildlife expert in Zimbabwe, saw something surprising. One day, a crocodile tried to eat a monkey that was next to a river. A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away. Why did the hippo attack（攻击）the crocodile? Paolillo says hippos sometimes protect other animals from crocodiles. 41. The main idea of the passage is     . A. animals that live in groups follow rules B. some animals can be nice to other animals C. most animals are nice to people 42. The underlined phrase “do just that” means     . A. be nice      B. play roughly       C. walk away 43. We can say that Teleki     . A. is short        B. hates hiking       C. could not climb the tree 44. The elephant needed help because ____. A. the tree was too tall    B. it could not use its trunk  C. it had no food