EnglishforRailwaysandRailTransportUnit8High-SpeedTrains轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsWarming-upReadingAListeningandSpeakingReadingBWriting12345ProjectSelf-evaluationVocabularyGrammarFunTime678910轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsWarming-upTask1Task2Home轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsHome轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsHome轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsReadingATask1Task2HomeHigh-SpeedTrainsinChinaTask3轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsReadingAHomeBackgroundInformation1.High-speedrailHigh-speedrailisatypeofrailtransportthatoperatessignificantlyfaster than traditional rail traffic,using an integrated system ofspecialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks.The first such systembeganoperationsinJapanin1964andwaswidelyknownasthebullettrain.High-speedtrainsnormallyoperateonstandardgaugetracksofcontinuously welded rail on grade separated right-of-way thatincorporatesalargeturningradiusinitsdesign.Since1964manycountriesinadditiontoJapanhavedevelopedhigh-speed rail to connect major cities.As of 2012update the maximumcommercialspeedonmosthigh-speedraillineswasabout300km/h(185mph).While high-speed rail is usually designed for passenger travel,somehigh-speedsystemsalsoofferfreightservice.Forinstance,theFrenchmailserviceLa PosteownsafewspecialTGVtrainsforcarryingpostalfreight.轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsReadingAHome2.DefinitionsMultipledefinitionsforhigh-speedrailareinuseworldwide.TheEuropeanUnionDirective96/48/EC,Annex1defineshigh-speedrailasasetofthreeelementswithprecisecriteria:a.Infrastructure:Track built specially for high-speed travel orspeciallyupgradedforhigh-speedtravel.b.Rolling stock:Minimum speed of250km/h(155mph)on linesspeciallybuiltforhighspeedand200km/h(124mph)onexistinglineswhichhavebeenspeciallyupgraded.c.Operatingconditions:Rollingstockmustbedesignedalongsideitsinfrastructureforcompletecompatibility,safetyandqualityofservice.轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsReadingAHomeTheInternationalUnionofRailways(UIC)preferstouse“definitions”(plural)becausetheyconsiderthatthereisnosinglestandarddefinitionofhigh-speedrail,norevenstandardusageoftheterms(“highspeed”,or“very high speed”).They make use of the European EC Directive96/48,insisting that high speed is a combination of all the elementswhichconstitutethe“system”:infrastructure,rollingstockandoperatingconditions.Inadditionsomenationshavedomesticstandardswhichmayvaryfromtheinternationalones.Itmustbenoted,astheInternationalUnionofRailwaysinsists,thathigh-speedrailisasetofuniquefeatures,notmerelyatraintravelingaboveaparticularspeed.Manyconventionallyhauledtrains,indifferentpartsoftheworld,areabletoreach200km/h(124mph)incommercialservice,but are not considered to be high-speed trains,such as theFrenchSNCFIntercitsorGermanDBIC.轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsHomeHigh-speedtraintravelinChinareferstopassenger train services with an averagespeed of 200 km/h or higher.Chinas highspeed rail network consists of upgradedconventionalrailways,newlybuilthighspeedpassengerdesignatedlinesandtheworldsfirsthigh-speedcommercialmagneticlevitation(maglev)line.高高速速铁铁路路使使中中国国的的火火车车旅旅行行比比此此前前任任何何时时候候都都更更加加快快捷捷。
铁铁路路网网站站上上如如是是说说：“每每隔隔几几分分钟钟就就会会有有一一趟趟列列车车，买买票票、通通过过检检票票口口到到找找到到你你的的座座位位，只只需需要要30分分钟钟有有许许多多平平均均时时速速约约300公公里里的的高高速速列列车车在在各各大大城城市市之之间间运运行行，每每条条线线路路上上的的运运行行时时间间缩缩短短了了4-8小小时时这这些些高高铁铁沿沿途途不不会会停停靠靠或或只只停停靠靠两两到到三三站站，大大大大缩缩短短了了同同一一区区域域内内主主要要城城市市间间的的距距离离；交交通通枢枢纽纽城城市市之之间间的的快快速速交交通通带带动动了了区区域域经经济济发发展展，因因此此，投投资资高高铁铁具具有有重重要要的的经经济济意意义声音翻译ReadingA轨轨道道交交通通英英语语 E En ng gl li is sh h f fo or r R Ra ai il lwwa ay ys s a an nd d R Ra ai il l T Tr ra an ns sp po or rt tUnit8High-SpeedTrainsUnit8High-SpeedTrainsReadingAHomeHighSpeedTraininChinaHigh-speedtrainshavemadetraintravelmoreefficientthaneverbeforeinChina.TheBeijing-Tianjin,Guangzhou-Shenzhen,Shanghai-Hangzhou and otherintercity high-speed railways can be accessed by bus,becomingaconvenientcommutin。