资源描述
Unit 1 What’s the matter？
课时3 Grammar
知识精讲
表达病痛的结构
要表达身体某一部位疼痛或不舒服，可以用以下结构：
1. 某人+ have/has + 病症.
☞ The twins have colds. 这对双胞胎感冒了。
2. 某人+ have/has a(n) + 身体部位-ache（headache / toothache / stomachache / backache / earache）
☞ She had a stomachache last night. 她昨晚胃痛。
3. 某人+ have / has a sore + 身体部位.
☞ He has a sore throat. 他喉咙痛。
4. 某人+ hurt(s) + 身体部位或反身代词.
☞ He hurt his leg. 他的腿受伤了。
5. 身体部位 + hurt(s).
☞ My head hurts badly. 我头痛得厉害。
6. 某人+ have/has a pain in one’s + 身体部位.
☞ I have a pain in my chest. 我胸口痛。
7. (There is) something wrong with one’s + 身体部位.
☞ There is something wrong with my right eye. 我的右眼不舒服。
8. 其他表达方式
☞ She has a heart trouble. 她有心脏病。
☞ He got hit on the head. 他头部受到了撞击。
☞ She cut her finger. 她割破手指了。
—Mom, I ________.
—I’m sorry to hear that, dear. We must go to see the dentist right away.
A. have a headache B. have a stomachache
C. have a toothache D. have a fever
【答案】C
（二）情态动词should的用法
should 作情态动词，有实际的词义，但它不可单独作谓语，须与动词原形连用，没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式在其后加not，可缩写为shouldn’t；变为一般疑问句时，should 提到主语之前。它的用法如下：
1. 表示委婉地提出意见或建议，一般意为＂应该；应当＂。
☞ You should eat lots of healthy food. 你应该多吃些健康的食品。
☞ You should help each other. 你们应该互相帮助。
2. 表示义务、责任，也意为＂应该；应当＂。
☞ You should study hard. 你应当努力学习。
☞ He should pay for the books. 他应当付书钱。学科*网
3. 表示命令和要求，语气比较强烈。
☞ We should respect our teachers and parents. 我们应该尊敬老师和父母。
☞ You shouldn’t be so careless. 你不应该这么粗心。
4. 表示预测和可能性。
☞ He should be a teacher. 他可能是一位老师。
☞ They should be in the classroom. 他们应该在教室里。
5. 表示说话人的感情，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等，多见于以why，who，how，what等开头的特殊疑问句中。☞ Why should I invite her? 为什么我要邀请她？
☞ How should I know? 我怎么会知道？
(三)反身代词
反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称的人称代词宾格形式，词尾加-self或-selves组成的。反身代词意为＂本人＂＂本身＂，为加强语气，也可翻译为＂亲自＂＂自己＂。
1. 反身代词构成
数
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himself/herself/itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
2. 反身代词的用法
作动词宾语或介词宾语
☞ The boy can dress himself. 这个男孩能给自己穿衣服。
☞ Take good care of yourself. 好好照顾你自己。
作主语或宾
语的同位语
☞ Mrs Black herself is a lawyer. 布莱克夫人本人就是一名律师。
☞ You had better ask the driver himself. 你最好问司机本人。
作表语
☞ Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。
☞ Mary hasn’t been herself recently. 玛丽近来感到不适。
3. 易错点
反身代词必须与其所指代的名词或代词形成相互关系，在人称、性和数上保持一致。
☞ The children are enjoying themselves in the park. 孩子们正在公园里玩得很高兴。
They could look after _____________ when they were six.
A. ourselves B. themselves C. yourselves
【答案】B
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：当他们六岁时就能够照顾自己了。主语是they，对应的反身代词为themselves。
4. 反身代词的常用短语
teach oneself＝learn by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 过得愉快
help oneself to... 随便吃/用…… look after oneself 照顾某人自己
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
分层提分
一、用should或shouldn’t填空。
1．I think you _________ go to the hospital at once.
2．As a new driver, you _________ drive your car so fast. It’s very dangerous.
3．When you have a sore throat, you _________ drink more hot tea with honey.
4．—Alice, my head feels hot now.
—You _________ go to see a doctor.
5．You _________ be angry with your mother. She is so kind to you.
二、单项选择
6．— Sam, you ________ do more exercise to keep healthy every day.
— OK, Miss Xu, I’ll try my best.
A．ought B．should C．might D．had to
7．—Timmy, you ________ drink cold water because you have a cold.
—Sorry, Mom.
A．need B．needn’t C．should D．shouldn’t
8．— I don’t care what people think.
— Well, you________. Some opinions are worth weighing.
A．might B．should C．could
9．—Chris, you ________ swim alone. It’s dangerous.
—Oh, I won’t do that again.
A．should B．shouldn’t C．had better D．must
10．—I think I have a cold.
—You ________ lie down and rest for a while.
A．might B．should C．have to
11．Dogs ________ run through soccer games at the park. It’s dangerous.
A．should B．shouldn’t C．need D．needn’t
12．You _______ drive so fast. There is a speed limit (限速) here.
A．should B．shouldn’t C．needn’t
13．—I’ve got a toothache, Mom.
—Oh, you ________ eat too much candy.
A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．should D．need
14．—I don’t care what my teachers think.
—Well, you ________.
A．could B．would C．should D．might
15．—I always feel tired.
—You ________ do more exercise to make yourself stronger.
A．cannot B．may C．may not D．should
16．We should often help others and never only think about ______.
A．yourselves B．ourselves C．themselves
17．How delicious! Did the students make the fruit salad all by _______?
A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
18．It was cold outside so we sat round the fire to keep ________ warm.
A．our B．we C．ours D．ourselves
19．When the most dangerous moment came, the little girl knew how to save ___________ .
A．she B．her C．herself
20．Tim and his brother learnt how to make dumplings by during the Chinese New Year.
A．them B．they C．themselves
21．— Did you enjoy ________?
— Of course. I was very happy.
A．your B．yours C．yourself D．yourselves
22．—What’s the secret to Tom’s great improvement in math?
—He makes every effort to work out the problem ________ instead of turning to others for help.
A．himself B．themselves C．itself
23．Dad doesn’t always come to you. You ha
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