宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句 【思维导图+体系架构+提分特训】 中考英语语法高分突破精讲课件

初中英语中考英语考前冲刺语法图解过关专题11宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句语法图解语法图解条件状语从句结果状语从句时间状语从句原因状语从句地点状语从句目的状语从句让步状语从句引导词时态语序三大从句状语从句宾语从句定语从句关系代词关系副词宾语从句满分秘籍提分特训(1)引导词陈述句作宾语从句时用that,that本身无意义,一般可省略。如:Could you please tell me how you improve your writing？你能告诉我你是怎样提高你的写作水平的吗？宾语从句满分秘籍提分特训一般疑问句或选择疑问句作宾语从句时用if或whether引导,常放在ask,wonder,find out等后。如:I asked him if he could help me with my English.我问他是否可以帮助我学习英语。宾语从句满分秘籍提分特训特殊疑问句作宾语从句时用特殊疑问词引导:u问内容用what;u问时间用when/what time;u问地点用where;u问原因用why;u问方式用how等。1（2021山东青岛中考真题）I wonder _.Why not?Athat youd like to come with us Bwhether youd like to come with usCwhen would you like to come with usDhow would you like to come with us【答案】B【解析】句意：我想知道你是否愿意和我们一起去。为什么不呢？分析句子结构可知，此句是一个宾语从句；根据宾语从句的语序可知，用陈述语气，结合选项，C、D两项不符合句意；再者根据“I wonder”可知，宾语从句的内容是不确定的，因此用引导词whether。故选B。考查宾语从句。2（2021山东济南中考真题）Excuse me.Do you know _Yes.You can go to Furong Street.Awhere I can get some local snacksBwhere does the boy come fromCwhen can we travel to Hong KongDwhen did Jimmy come to Jinan【答案】A【解析】句意：打扰一下，你知道哪里可以买到当地的小吃吗？是的，你可以去芙蓉街。考查宾语从句。where I can get some local snacks 我在哪里可以买到当地的小吃，陈述语序；where does the boy come from这个男孩来自哪里，疑问语序；when can we travel to Hong Kong 我们什么时候可以去香港，疑问语序；when did Jimmy come to Jinan吉米什么时候来济南，疑问语序。根据句意可知，空出的句子是宾语从句，应用陈述语序。故选A。3（2021辽宁阜新中考真题）Excuse me,do you know _?Well,go along this street and turn right.Its on the left.Ahow can I get to the bank Bwhere I can find a restaurantCwhen I can find a restaurantDwhat can I do next【答案】B【解析】句意：打扰一下，你知道我在哪里可以找到餐馆吗？噢，沿着这条街走，然后右转。它在左边。考查宾语从句。know后缺少宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AD；再由“Well,go along this street and turn right.Its on the left.”可知询问地点，用where引导宾语从句。故选B。满分秘籍提分特训巧学妙记4（2021江苏镇江中考真题）When will Mr Liu come back to Zhenjiang?Sorry,I dont know _.Ahow long he will stay in Xinjiang Bhow he went to XinjiangChow soon will he be back from XinjiangDwhy he is going to Xinjiang【答案】A【解析】句意：刘先生什么时候回镇江？对不起，我不知道他会在新疆待多久。考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除C；根据问句“When will Mr Liu come back to Zhenjiang?”可知，此处对时间提问，故选A。满分秘籍提分特训巧学妙记5（2021青海西宁中考真题）Hi,Mary!I want to go to Qinghai Museum,but I am not sure _ get there.Dont worry.Let me tell you.Ahow could IBhow I canChow can IDhow I did【答案】B【解析】句意：嗨，玛丽！我想去青海博物馆，但我不知道怎么才能到那里。别担心。我来告诉你。根据句意可知，空处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，故排除A、C项；在宾语从句中，原形动词get之前应是情态动词can，而不是did，故排除D。故选B。考查宾语从句。满分秘籍提分特训巧学妙记6（2021江苏无锡中考真题）Any news about Chinas space station?Do you know _?At the end of 2022,I think.Awhen it will be in serviceBwhere it will be sent upCwhen will it be in serviceDwhere will it be sent up【答案】A【解析】句意：有关于中国空间站的消息吗？你知道它什么时候可以使用吗？我想2022年底。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除C/D选项；根据回答“At the end of 2022,I think.”可知，此处问的是时间，应用when引导，故选A。考查宾语从句。满分秘籍提分特训巧学妙记7（2021黑龙江哈尔滨中考真题）Could you tell me?You should be friendly,polite and helpful.Ahow can I become a popular studentBwhy I could become a popular studentChow I can become a popular student【答案】C【解析】句意：你能告诉我怎样才能成为一个受欢迎的学生吗？你应该友好、礼貌、乐于助人。tell后缺少直接宾语，此处用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；再由“You should be friendly,polite and helpful.”可知问如何成为受欢迎的人，用how引导宾语从句，排除B。故选C。考查宾语从句。满分秘籍提分特训巧学妙记8（2021江苏南通中考真题）A celebration for the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC(中国共产党)will be held，and Im wondering _.Lets have a discussion about it this afternoon.Ahow will we get thereBwhich clubs will take partCwhat we could do for itDwhether can we do something for it【答案】C【解析】句意：庆祝中国共产党成立100周年，我想知道我们能做些什么。今天下午我们来讨论一下。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A/D选项；根据回答“Lets have a discussion about it this afternoon.”可知，此处是说能做些什么，应用what引导，故选C。满分秘籍提分特训巧学妙记9（2021黑龙江牡丹江中考真题）I plan to go to the Liaoning Museum,but Im not sure _.Ahow I can get thereBhow can I get thereChow could I get there【答案】A【解析】句意：我打算去辽宁博物馆，但我不确定怎么去。考查宾语从句。how I can get there我怎么去那，陈述语序；how can I get there我怎么去那，疑问语序；how could I get there我怎么去那，疑问语序。根据句意，空处的句子是宾语从句，应用陈述语序。故选A。满分秘籍提分特训巧学妙记宾语从句满分秘籍提分特训如:I am wondering what it is used for.我想知道它是用来做什么的。Do you know where the exhibition will start?你知道这个展览会在哪开始吗?Your skirt is great.Could you tell me where you bought it?你的裙子真好看。你能告诉我你从哪里买的吗?I dont care why you are wrong.我不在乎你为什么错。宾语从句满分秘籍提分特训(2)时态宾语从句的时态原则上要与主句时态保持一致。但是如果有明显的时间状语,要从时间状语来判断时态。主句为一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用相应的时态。如:I hearJim will leave for Londen tomorrow.我听说吉姆明天要去伦敦了。宾语从句满分秘籍提分特训(2)时态宾语从句的时态原则上要与主句时态保持一致。但是如果有明显的时间状语,要从时间状语来判断时态。主句为一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用相应的时态。如:I hear Tom will leave for New York tomorrow.我听说汤姆明天要去纽约了。宾语从句满分秘籍提分特训主句为一般过去时,从句要用过去的某种时态。如:Kate said she was dancing at this time yesterday.凯特说她昨天这个时候在跳舞。满分秘籍提分特训从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时,不管主句使用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。Miss Wang said that the earth goes around the sun.王老师说地球绕着太阳转。宾语从句从句满分秘籍提分特训(3)语序宾语从句一律使用陈述语序。u陈述句作宾语从句时,应用陈述语序;u疑问句作宾语从句时,原来的倒装语序也要改为陈述语序。宾语从句从句满分秘籍提分特训如:She is a good girl.The teacher said.The teacher said(that)she was a good girl.老师说她是个好孩子。Does he work hard?I wonder.I wonder if/whether he works hard.我想知道他工作是否努力。When did she leave?I dont know.I dont know when she left.我不知道她是何时离开的。(1)中考常考的关系词有:who,whom,which,that,whose。定定语从句的关系从句的关系词满分秘籍提分特训定定语从句的关系从句的关系词满分秘籍(2)先行词指物时,只能用that,不能用which的情况:先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时。如:All(that)you have to do is to practice every