【名师指津】高考英语 9非谓语动词

非非谓语动词动词不定式不定式归纳总结1.动词不定式属于非谓语动词，在动词不定式属于非谓语动词，在句子中可以充当除句子中可以充当除_外的其外的其他各个句子成分；他各个句子成分；谓语谓语 2.动词不定式通常有以下几种形式动词不定式通常有以下几种形式(以以do为为例请完成下表例请完成下表)：主动式主动式被动式被动式一般式一般式to do(1)_完成式完成式(2)_to have been done进行式进行式(3)_to Be done to have done to Be doing 3.在在should like,would like,expect,want,refuse,decide,pretend,promise,decide,offer等后不能用动名词作宾语，等后不能用动名词作宾语，只能用不定式作宾语。只能用不定式作宾语。4.在在make,let,have等使役动词或者等使役动词或者hear,see,watch等感观动词后作宾补等感观动词后作宾补的不定式常省略的不定式常省略_；但在这些词的；但在这些词的被动式后作主补时，要加上被动式后作主补时，要加上_。(如例如例8)to to5.如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式。但在定式一般就用被动语态形式。但在easy,difficult等少数形容词后的不定等少数形容词后的不定式，习惯上用主动形式表示被动意义。式，习惯上用主动形式表示被动意义。6.不定式做定语时的几种用法：不定式做定语时的几种用法：(1)表将来。表将来。Its hoped that the 16th Asian Games to be held in Guangzhou will be a great success.(2)序数词或最高级等后常用不定式作定序数词或最高级等后常用不定式作定语。语。She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.Mary is the best person to do the job.(3)常用来修饰常用来修饰chance,idea,ability,way,reason,time,fact,key,ambition等抽象名等抽象名词。词。Last year I had a good chance to go abroad for further study.(4)动词不定式做主语和宾语时通常放在动词不定式做主语和宾语时通常放在句子的后面，用句子的后面，用it作形式主语或形式宾语。作形式主语或形式宾语。(如例如例4和例和例5)灵活运灵活运用用一、单句填空一、单句填空1.Energy drinks are not allowed _(make)in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.(上海上海)2.My parents have always made me _(feel)good about myself,even when I was twelve.(江苏江苏)to be made feel 3.With a lot of difficult problems_ (settle),the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(上海上海)4._(complete)the project as planned,well have to work two more hours a day.(湖南湖南)to settle To complete 5.-The last one_ (arrive)pays the meal.-Agree!(全国全国)6.The parents hurried to the whole street _(look)for the lost child.to arrive to look 7.We find it impossible for work _ (finish)ahead of time.8.He is said to_(be)abroad many times.to be finished to have been 9.He pretended _(read)when the parents came into his bedroom.10.I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good _(breathe).(宁夏宁夏)to be reading to breathe 11.I hurried to the station only _(tell)that the train had left five minutes before.12.To love and_(love)is the one true happiness in life.to be told to be love 二、写作运用二、写作运用 Zach Bonner,an American 12-year-old boy,whose wish is to be a philanthropist,is always willing to help children in poverty and raise awareness of homeless children.He feels it his duty to help them all the time.By the age of seven,Zach and his mother decided to create their own organization,Little Red Wagon Foundation,with its mission to help the poor kids and victims of natural disasters.He has spent 3 years walking from Florida to Washington,persuading others to donate money,and the walk raised a lot of awareness and funds to help homeless kids.This year he will attempt to be the youngest on record to walk across the USA and everyone likes him to be praised for his devotion to the charity work.动词的的-ing-ing形式形式动词的动词的-ing形式有以下特征：形式有以下特征：归纳总结1.具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语、宾语等。当分词与其逻辑主并可带状语、宾语等。当分词与其逻辑主语有动宾关系时，用语有动宾关系时，用_ 语态。语态。被动被动2.具有一般式（具有一般式（doing）和完成式（）和完成式（having done）之分，一般说来，一般式的动词与）之分，一般说来，一般式的动词与谓语动词谓语动词_发生，完成式表示其发生，完成式表示其动作发生在谓语之动作发生在谓语之_。还有一般被动。还有一般被动式（式（being done）和完成被动式（）和完成被动式（having been done）之别。）之别。同时同时前前3.动词的动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、具有名词、_和和_ 的特征，的特征，因此，它可以在句中作主语、因此，它可以在句中作主语、_语、语、_语、语、_语、语、_ 语和语和状语。状语。4.否定形式：否定形式：not+动词的动词的-ing形式。形式。宾语补足语宾语补足语 形容词形容词副词副词表语表语定语定语宾语宾语5.在在suggest,keep,allow,finish,enjoy,mind,practice,avoid,admit,advise,consider,imagine,appreciate,escape等后不能用不定等后不能用不定式作宾语；在式作宾语；在forget,remember,regret,mean,try等动词后既可接动名词，也可接等动词后既可接动名词，也可接不定式，但意义差别较大。如：不定式，但意义差别较大。如：I forgot seeing her.我忘记见过她。我忘记见过她。(以前见以前见过过)I forgot to post the letter.我忘记寄信了。我忘记寄信了。(信没寄信没寄)Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。知识就是力量。6.在表示在表示“需要需要”的的need,want和和require等后用等后用-ing形式的主动形式表形式的主动形式表示被动意义，也可用不定式的被动式。示被动意义，也可用不定式的被动式。灵活运灵活运用用一、单句填空一、单句填空1._(walk)is a good form of exercise for both young and old.(全国全国)2.I cant stand _(work)with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _(stop)talking while she works.(北京北京)Walking to stop working3.As a result of the serious flood,two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _(repair).(陕西陕西)4.-Robert is indeed a wise man.-Oh,yes.How often I have regretted _(not take)his advice!(安安徽徽)repairing/to be repairednot taking5.At the beginning of class,the noise of desks_(open and close)could be heard outside the classroom.(全国全国)6.Isnt it time you got down to _(mark)the papers?(重庆重庆)being opened and closed marking 7.Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _(set)up some schools for poor children.(上海上海)8.Having been ill in bed for nearly a month,he had a hard time_(pass)the exam.(福建福建)setting passing 9.I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing from _ (happen)again.(全国全国)10.It was so cold that they kept the fire _(burn)all night.(全国全国)happening burning 11.-Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry.With so much work _(fill)my mind,I almost break down.(福建福建)12._(read)aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign lan