定语从句 语法专题策略

专题九专题九第一页，共七十五页。专题九专题九表解表解表解表解(bio ji)(bio ji)语法语法语法语法五年真题五年真题五年真题五年真题定定语语(dngy)从句从句 第二页，共七十五页。专题九专题九表解表解(bio ji)(bio ji)语语法法第三页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定who人主语、宾语(限制性定语从句可省略)The boy who is standing there is my cousin.第四页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定whom人宾语(限制性定语从句可省略)The man(whom)you met yesterday is Mr Smith.第五页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定whose(of whomof which)人或物定语Do you know the boy whose father(the father of whom)is an engineer？He lives in a house whose windows(the windows of which)face south.第六页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定which物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句可省略)Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures.The pen(which)my uncle gave me is missing.第七页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定that 人或物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句可省略，不引导非限制性定语从句)A plane is a machine that can fly.I dont know the man(that)you mentioned.第八页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分关系代词与关系副词的判定as人或物(在非限制性定语从句中也可指代整个句子)主语、宾语、表语第九页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定第十页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定when(适当介词which)时间时间状语Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party.where(适当介词which)地点地点状语The factory where my father works is in the east of the city.第十一页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定why(for which)原因原因状语None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting.第十二页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分关系代词与关系副词的判定表示时间、地点、原因的先行词作定语从句谓语动词的主语、宾语时，应用that 或which，作宾语时that/which 也可省略。当先行词是case，condition，situation，position，point，stage 等名词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where第十三页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定第十四页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分关系代词与关系副词的判定当先行词way 意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有in which，that 或不用任何关系词这三种形式；way 不作“方式，方法”解时，其定语从句的引导词用that 或which，引导词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。第十五页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点理解例句关系代词与关系副词的判定第十六页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句特别提醒1.如何选择关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。第十七页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句特别提醒方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主语、宾语、状语)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。2.定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致。one of复数名词关系代词复数动词 the only one of复数名词关系代词单数动词第十八页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别用that 不用which先行词是all，much，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none时Anything that can burn is a source of heat energy.Please get ready for everything(that)we need.第十九页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别用that 不用which先行词被only，any，few，no，very，little 等修饰时This is the very book that Im looking for.The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.第二十页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别用that 不用which先行词是形容词最高级或序数词或被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.先行词为人、物并用时He talked about things and persons(that)they remembered in the school.第二十一页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别用that 不用which当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时Which is the bike that you lost？当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.第二十二页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别the same.as与the same.thatthe same.as.表示相似的东西the same.that.表示同一人或物This is the same knife as I lost.这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。This is the same knife that I lost.这把小刀就是我丢的那一把。第二十三页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句几组关系代词的区别such/so.as与such/so.thatsuch/so.as(定语从句)像那样such/so.that(状语从句)如此以至于This is such an easy question as I can answer.This is such an easy question that I can answer it.第二十四页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分几组关系代词的区别as与which1.as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中。which 引导的非限制性定语从句通常放在主句之后。2.2.as意为“正如”，后面的谓语动词多是see,know,expect,say,mention,report 等；which 意为“这一点”。第二十五页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词理解例句几组关系代词的区别as与whichAvatar is a very successful film，as is known to all.As we all know，Taiwan belongs to China.The sports meeting was put off，which astonished us.第二十六页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句介词关系代词名(代)词介词关系代词(一般作主语)I picked up the apples，some of which were bad.数词或形容词最高级of关系代词(一般作主语)He has ten cousins，three of whom are clever.He has ten cousins，the youngest of whom is clever.第二十七页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句介词关系代词介词关系代词(一般作状语)This is the girl from whom I learned the news.介词短语关系代词(一般作状语)Jack was a famous doctor，with the help of whom they succeeded in an operation.第二十八页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句介词关系代词介词which名词(一般在句中作状语)She suffered from illness，in which case her husband had to stay home.介词whose名词(一般作状语)He is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen.第二十九页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句介词关系代词from where为“介词关系副词”结构，但也可以引导定语从句。介词关系代词中的介词可根据先行词或定语从句中的动词短语进行判断。He hid himself behind the door,from where he saw the man take a photo of something on the desk.(from where 指from behind the door)他躲在门后面，从那里他看见那个人拍摄了桌子上的什么东西。第三十页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句特殊定语从句分裂式定语从句(先行词与关系代(副)词分隔)I was the only person in my office who was invited to the important ball.第三十一页，共七十五页。专题九专题九考点关系词指代范围在从句中所作成分理解例句特殊定语从句插入式定语从句(关系代词与从句中插入一个句子)He made another great discovery,which I think is very important to science.省略式定语从句(介词关系代词不定式)I intend to make friends with a Frenchman from whom to improve my French.第三十二页，共七十五页。专题九专题九五年真五年真题题1(2021全国全国)I refuse to accept the blame for something_was someone