名词性从句专项复习 【备课精讲精研】 高考英语语法复习

名词性从句专项复习基本认知1 works.works.This is .This is .an English dictionary.an English dictionary.His words His words What he says What he sayswhat she bought yesterdaywhat she bought yesterday名词在句中的成分名词在句中的成分She said .She said .a sentence a sentencethat she was lost in the forestthat she was lost in the forestWe We Chinese peopleChinese people are brave and hard working.are brave and hard working.I have no idea I have no idea when he will come backwhen he will come back.名词名词性从性从句句 noun clause 主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clause具体讲解2主语从句主语从句由that引导的主语从句由whether/if引导的主语从句由特殊疑问词引导的主语从句句子的主语部分由一句话构成。句子的主语部分由一句话构成。11.he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.the driver could not control his car was obvious.A.WhenB.HowC.WhichD.That3.they will have the sports meeting is still a question.A.WhatB.WhenC.ThatD.How4.breaks the law is sure to be punished.A.WhateverB.WhenC.WhoeverD.Who5.this happened is not clear to anyone.A.HowB.WhenC.WhatD.Why规律句子不缺基本成分，用从属连词；句子缺基本成分用连接代词；句子缺成分，但不缺基本成分，用连接副词。注意问题（一）1.That he is a famous singer is known to us.3.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.2.Whether well go camping depends on the weather.It depends on the weather Whether well go camping.(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)It be 形容词（necessary/likely/important/certain)thatIt be 名词（短语）（a pity/a shame/no wonder)that-It be 过去分词（said/told/reported)that-It 不及物动词（seem/appear/happen/matter)that-It It 作形式主语，主语从句在句末的常见作形式主语，主语从句在句末的常见句型句型习题小练习题小练(2019唐山模拟)It is a great pity what we wont be able to finish the task on time.whatthatwhat&whateverwho&whoeverwhich&whichever 引导名词性从句的区别引导名词性从句的区别1._ is worth doing is worth doing well.2._we need is more time.3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.4._ breaks the law will be punished.whatever/whoever/whichever等引导的名词等引导的名词性从句性从句表泛指表泛指，而，而what/who/which等引导等引导的名词性从句都的名词性从句都表特指表特指。WhateverWhatWhoWhoever注意问题（二）主语从句中的主语从句中的“主谓一致主谓一致”：1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数主句的谓语动词用单数形式形式.That they will come certain.2.What 引导主语从句时引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定表语的单复数决定.What he wants these books.What he wants some water.注意问题（三）isisare用whether,不用if 在主语从句中，如果用在主语从句中，如果用在主语从句中，如果用在主语从句中，如果用it it 作形式主语，作形式主语，作形式主语，作形式主语，whether whether 和和和和 if if 都能引导主语从句。否则，只能用都能引导主语从句。否则，只能用都能引导主语从句。否则，只能用都能引导主语从句。否则，只能用whetherwhether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.It hasnt been decided whether(if)we shall attend the meeting.注意问题（四）Whether习题小练习题小练 or not is still uncertain.A.Hes coming B.If he is comingC.That comingD.Whether hes coming 句子不缺基本成分，用从属连词；句子缺基本成分用连接代词；句子缺成分，但不缺基本成分，用连接副词。表语从句表语从句句子的表语部分由一句话构成。句子的表语部分由一句话构成。2表语从句because,as,as if,as though同样可以引导表语从句。1.because,why 引导的表语从句1.1常用句型：This/That is because.这/那是因为.This/That is why.这/那是.的原因because后面是事情发生的原因；why后面是事情发生的结果e.g.Thats he missed the last train.This is I forgot to take my ID-card.whywhybecausebecause1.2.because,why 引导从句时，主语不能是reason或cause.The reason is because he is ill.because-thatbecause-that但是在定语中reason可以作why的主语 常见句型：The reason why.is(that).The reason why he did show up was that he was ill.2.as（像）,as if,as though(好像，似乎)引导的表语从句此类表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等。It sounds as if someone is knocking at the back door.听上去好像有人在敲门。You look just as you looked 10 years ago.你看上去和十年前完全一样。I feel as though the house is shaking.我感到好像房子在晃动。一般放在名词一般放在名词一般放在名词一般放在名词 fact,news,fact,news,fact,news,fact,news,idea,promise,thought,idea,promise,thought,idea,promise,thought,idea,promise,thought,suggestionsuggestionsuggestionsuggestion 等之后等之后等之后等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词用以说明或解释前面的名词用以说明或解释前面的名词用以说明或解释前面的名词.引导词有连引导词有连引导词有连引导词有连词词词词 thatthatthatthat;少数情况下也可用连接副词等少数情况下也可用连接副词等少数情况下也可用连接副词等少数情况下也可用连接副词等.1.The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.2.The suggestion that the plan(should)be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.同位语从句同位语从句句子的同位语部分由一句话构成句子的同位语部分由一句话构成句子的同位语部分由一句话构成句子的同位语部分由一句话构成.规则同主、表从句。规则同主、表从句。规则同主、表从句。规则同主、表从句。同位语从句与定语同位语从句与定语 从句的相似之处从句的相似之处1、两种从句都可以译成定语、两种从句都可以译成定语The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.我们队取得决赛胜利的我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。消息令人鼓舞。The news that you told us is really encouraging.你告诉我们的你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。消息真的令人鼓舞。（同位语从句）（同位语从句）（定语从句）（定语从句）2、两种从句都可以用、两种从句都可以用that引导引导The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.学生应该学些实用的东西的学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。建议值得考虑。The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical.（同位语从句）（同位语从句）（定语从句）（定语从句）同位语从句与定语同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处从句的不同之处1、从句的作用不同：、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.The news that you told us is really encouraging（从句说明（从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）我们队取得了决赛胜利。）（从句对（从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告诉我们的，你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分引引导同位语从句时是一