译林版高中英语选修第二册unit3单词表（详解版）

普通高中教科书英语词汇表选修第二册第 1页译林版选修第二册词汇表Unit 3Helping people（共 44 个生词和短语）*mourn verb T,I（因失去而）哀悼，忧伤 sth(for sb/sth)SYN grieve formourner noun 吊唁者；哀悼者mournful adj.忧伤的；悲痛的SYN melancholymournfully adv.mourning noun U 伤逝；哀悼SYN grief丧服*shatter verb I,T（使）破碎，碎裂(into sth)sth(into sth)T,I（使感情、希望或信念等）粉碎，破灭；被粉碎；被破坏 sth(into sth)(into sth)T使极为惊愕难过；给予极大打击 sbshattered adj.非常惊愕难过的；遭受极大打击的（BrE）筋疲力尽的SYN exhaustedshattering adj.令人非常惊愕难过的；给人以极大打击的非常响亮的SYN deafeningshatteringly adv.*ash noun U灰；灰烬ashespl.灰烬；废墟ashespl.骨灰*utter adj.only before noun 完全的；十足的；彻底的utterly adv.verb 出声；说；讲 sthutterance noun U用言语的表达；说话C话语；言论humanitarian adj.usually before noun人道主义的（主张减轻人类苦难、改善人类生活）；慈善的humanitarian nounhumanitarianism noun Uuphold verb（upheld,upheld）支持，维护（正义等）sth（尤指法庭）维持，确认（原判、裁决等）sthto uphold a conviction/an appeal/a complaint维持原判；受理上诉/申诉upholder noun*fulfil（NAmE fulfill）verb（fulfilling,fulfilled,fulfilled）实现 sthto fulfil your dream/ambition/potential实现梦想/抱负；发挥潜力履行；执行；符合；具备 sthto fulfil a duty/an obligation/a promise履行职责/义务/诺言to fulfil the terms/conditions of an agreement执行协定条款/条件起作用；目的是 sth使高兴；使满意 sb/yourselffulfilment（BrE）（NAmE fulfillment）nounfulfilled adj.感到满足的；觉得满意的；满足的OPP unfulfilledfulfilling adj.让人感觉有意义的；令人满足的OPP unfulfilling*litre（US liter）noun（abbr.l）升（容量单位，等于英国的 1.76 品脱或美国的 2.11 品脱）*framework noun（建筑物或物体的）构架；框架；结构（作为判断、决定等基础的）信仰，观点，准则(of/for sth)（体系的）结构，机制frame noun C（图画、门、玻璃等的）框架C（家具、建筑物、车辆等的）构架，支架，骨架C,usually pl.眼镜框C,usually sing.体形；身材；骨架to have a small/slender/large frame小的/苗条的/大的体形sing.（构成某事物背景的）总的思想，体系，体制，模式verb usually passive给做框；给镶边 sthusually passive作伪证陷害 sb(for sth)制订；拟订 sth（以某种方式）表达 sth*distressing adj.使人痛苦的；令人苦恼的distressingly adv.distressed adj.烦恼的；忧虑的；苦恼的痛苦的；身体虚弱的（衣服或家具）刻意磨损以显老旧的；做旧的（商）贫困的；窘迫的；受经济困扰的distress noun U 忧虑；悲伤；痛苦贫困；窘迫；困苦SYN hardshipeconomic/financial distress经济拮据；财政困难（船、飞机等）遇难，遇险a distress signal求救信号verb 使忧虑；使悲伤；使苦恼 sb yourselfbuilding block noun C 积木；塑料积木building blocks pl.组成部分；构成要素*prosperous adj.繁荣的；成功的；兴旺的SYN affluentprosperity noun U兴旺；繁荣；成功；昌盛SYN affluence*inadequate adj.不充分的；不足的；不够的(for sth)(to do sth)OPP adequate（人）不胜任的；缺乏信心的SYN incompetentinadequately adv.*helmet noun 头盔；防护帽*deploy verb（术语）部署，调度（军队或武器）sb/sth（formal）有效地利用；调动 sthto deploy arguments/resources利用论据/资源deployment noun U,C*sacrifice noun C,U牺牲；舍弃C,U祭献；祭祀；祭献的牲畜；祭品(to sb)verb T牺牲；献出 sth for sb/sth sthT,I以（人或动物）作祭祀(sb/sth)displace verb often passive取代；替代；置换 sb/sthSYN replace迫使（某人）离开家园 sb移动；挪开；转移 sth（especially NAmE）撤职；免职；使失业 sbdisplacement noun U 取代；替代；移位；免职C（物）排水量displaced person noun（pl.displaced persons）（术语）难民；流亡者*flee verb（fled,fled）I,T,no passive迅速离开；（害怕有危险）逃避；逃跑 from sb/sth to/into sth*refugee noun 避难者；逃亡者；难民refuge noun U庇护；避难(from sb/sth)C避难所；庇护者；慰藉(from sb/sth)C收容所；避难所（BrE）=traffic island 安全岛（供行人避让车辆）*famine noun C,U饥荒chickpea noun（NAmE usually garbanzo,garbanzo bean）鹰嘴豆（浅棕色的硬圆豆，可烹食）*harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的（天气或生活环境）恶劣的；艰苦的a harsh winter/wind/climate寒冷的冬天；凛冽的风；恶劣的气候强烈刺眼的；丑陋的OPP soft刺耳的；难听的粗糙的；毛糙的；刺激性强的harshly adv.harshness noun U*arid adj.（土地或气候）干旱的；干燥的枯燥的；乏味的；毫无新意的aridity noun U*toll noun C（道路、桥梁的）通行费普通高中教科书英语词汇表选修第二册第 2页a toll road/bridge收费道路/桥梁C,usually sing.（战争、灾难等造成的）毁坏；伤亡人数sing.（缓慢而有规律的）钟声C（NAmE）长途电话费take a heavy toll(on sb/sth)take its toll(on sb/sth)产生恶果；造成重大损失（或伤亡、灾难等）verb I,T（缓慢而有规律地）敲（钟）；（尤指）鸣（丧钟）(for sb)sth*hydroponics noun U水培；溶液栽培hydr(o)combining form（构成名词、形容词和副词）与水有关的；水的（化）含氢的；氢化的*livestock noun U,pl.牲畜；家畜*persistent adj.执着的；不屈不挠的；坚持不懈的a persistent offender惯犯连绵的；持续的；反复出现的SYN unrelentingpersistently adv.persist verb I,T顽强地坚持；执着地做(in doing sth)(in sth)(with sth)+speechI维持；保持；持续存在persistence noun U 坚持；锲而不舍持续存在；维持windscreen wiper（NAmE windshield wiper）（also wiper BrE,NAmE）noun挡风玻璃刮水器；风挡雨雪刷；雨刮器*furious adj.狂怒的；暴怒的(at sth/sb)(with sb/youself)(that)激烈的；猛烈的；高速的；盛怒的furiously adv.fury noun U狂怒；暴怒；狂暴；大发雷霆SYN ragesing.狂怒；暴怒SYN ragethe Furies pl.（古希腊神话）复仇三女神like fury拼命；猛烈；迅猛*rear-view mirror noun 后视镜*despair noun U绝望be the despair of sb令某人担心（或绝望）verb I绝望；失去希望；丧失信心 of sth/sb of doing sth*drum noun 鼓（装油或化学剂的）大桶鼓状物beat/bangthe drum(for sb/sth)（为）竭力鼓吹，摇旗呐喊verb I打鼓；击鼓T,I连续敲击使发出咚咚声；不停地击打(sth)on sth*gasp verb I,T（尤指由于惊讶或疼痛而）喘气，喘息，倒抽气(at sth)+speechI,T透不过气；气喘吁吁地说(for sth)(sth)(out)+speechbe gasping(for sth)I,T渴望，很想要（尤指饮料或香烟）noun（常指由强烈情感引起的）深吸气，喘息，倒抽气to give a gasp of horror/surprise/relief惊恐得/吃惊得倒抽一口气；如释重负地松一口气your/the last gasp奄奄一息；苟延残喘；临终；垂死*bump verb I（无意地）碰，撞 into sb/sth against sb/sthT（身体部位）碰上，撞上 sth(against/on sth)I,T颠簸行进+adv./prep.sth+adv./prep.T把（某人）掉换到（另一群体或位置）；调出，开除出（某群体）sb+adv./prep.noun C碰撞（声）；撞击（声）C肿块（常因击打所致）SYN lumpC隆起；凸块C轻微撞车事故*tyre（NAmE tire）noun 轮胎a front tyre前胎a back/rear tire后胎a flat/burst/punctured tyre瘪了的/爆了的/扎了的轮胎*steering wheel noun 方向盘；（操）舵轮*peer noun usually pl.身份（或地位）相同的人；同龄人；同辈（英国）贵族成员verb I仔细看；端详(+adv./prep.)*solitary adj.usually before noun独自的；单独的（人或动物）喜欢（或惯于）独处的（人、物或处所）单个的；孤单的；孤零零的SYN single（尤用于否定句和疑问句）唯一的；仅有的SYN singlesolitariness noun Unoun U=solitary confinement单独监禁；单独禁闭C（formal）独居者；隐士solitude noun U独处；独居SYN privacy*paralysed（NAmE paralyzed）adj.瘫痪的paralyse（NAmE paralyze）verb often passive使瘫痪；使麻痹 sb使不能正常工作 sthparal