2021年考研英语(一)真题试卷 (含答案解析)

欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！完型填空-为题目类型 Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly,logically,and abstractly in order to solve new problems.It【B1】_ in young adulthood,levels out for a period of time,and then【B2】_ starts to slowly decline as we age.But【B3】_ aging is inevitable,scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be.One study found that muscle loss and the【B4】_ of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence.This suggests the【B5】_ that lifestyle factors might help prevent or【B6】_ this type of decline.The researchers looked at data that【B7】_ measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and【B8】_ that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period.They found that middle-aged people【B9】_ higher measures of abdominal fat【B10】_ worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years【B11】_.For women,the association may be【B12】_ to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat;in men,the immune system did not appear to be【B13】_ It is hoped that future studies could【B14】_ these differences and perhaps lead to different【B15】_ for men and women.【B16】_ there are steps you can【B17】_ to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental【B18】_ The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your【B19】_ of aerobic exercise and following a Mediterranean-style【B20】_ that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.1.【B1】（A）pauses（B）returns（C）peaks（D）fades 2.【B2】（A）alternatively（B）formally（C）accidentally（D）generally 3.【B3】（A）while（B）since（C）once（D）until 4.【B4】（A）detection（B）accumulation（C）consumption（D）separation 5.【B5】（A）possibility 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！（B）decision（C）goal（D）requirement 6.【B6】（A）delay（B）ensure（C）seek（D）utilize 7.【B7】（A）modified（B）supported（C）included（D）predicted 8.【B8】（A）devoted（B）compared（C）converted（D）applied 9.【B9】（A）with（B）above（C）by（D）against 10.【B10】（A）lived（B）managed（C）scored（D）played 11.【B11】（A）ran out（B）set off（C）drew in（D）went by 12.【B12】（A）superior（B）attributable（C）parallel（D）resistant 13.【B13】（A）restored（B）isolated（C）involved（D）controlled 14.【B14】欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！（A）alter（B）spread（C）remove（D）explain 15.【B15】（A）compensations（B）symptoms（C）demands（D）treatments 16.【B16】（A）Likewise（B）Meanwhile（C）Therefore（D）Instead 17.【B17】（A）change（B）watch（C）count（D）take 18.【B18】（A）well-being（B）process（C）formation（D）coordination 19.【B19】（A）level（B）love（C）knowledge（D）space 20.【B20】（A）design（B）routine（C）diet（D）prescription 阅读（常规阅读理解）-为题目类型 How can British train operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares?It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual:every January the cost of travelling by train rises,imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise.This years rise,an average of 2.7 percent,may be a fraction lower than last years,but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Index(CPI)measure of inflation.Successive governments have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should be borne by those who use it,rather than the general taxpayer.Why,the argument goes,should a car-driving pensioner from 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！Lincolnshire have to subsidise the daily commute of a stockbroker from Surrey?Equally,there is a sense that the travails of commuters in the South East,many of whom will face among the biggest rises,have received too much attention compared to those who must endure the relatively poor infrastructure of the Midlands and the North.However,over the past 12 months,those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail strikes in years.It is all very well train operators trumpeting the improvements they are making to the network,but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel.The responsibility for the latest wave of strikes rests on the unions.However,there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered.The Government has pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that even when strikes occur,services can continue to operate.This should form part of a wider package of measures to address the long-running problems on Britains railways.Yes,more investment is needed,but passengers will not be willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped,unreliable services punctuated by regular chaos when timetables are changed,or planned maintenance is managed incompetently.The threat of nationalisation may have