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STRENGTHENING ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES TO DRIVE AN INCLUSIVE RECOVERY IN ASIA
Edited by Linda Arthur and Derek Hondo
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK INSTITUTE
Strengthening Active Labor Market Policies to Drive an Inclusive Recovery in Asia
Edited by
Linda Arthur and Derek Hondo
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK INSTITUTE
© 2022 Asian Development Bank Institute
All rights reserved.
ISBN 978-4-89974-265-4 (Print)
ISBN 978-4-89974-266-1 (PDF)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56506/UUWL4644
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CONTENTS
Tables, Figures, and Box
iv
Abbreviations
vi
Contributors
vii
Acknowledgments
viii
Introduction
ix
Linda Arthur and Derek Hondo
Building Resilient Active Labor Market Policies
Part I
Addressing the Fault Lines in Sri Lanka’s Human Capital Base
1
for COVID-19 and Beyond
1
Poongothai Venuganan
Active Labor Market Policies in Developing Asia: Case Study of India
20
2
Partha Pratim Mitra
Differential Impact of Vocational Training on Earnings of Different Types
33
of Employment: An Analysis of India’s Economy
37
Indrajit Bairagya
Part II Improving Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Youth
iii
4 Effectiveness of Vocational Training Programs in Achieving
Decent Work for Youth: The Case of Sri Lanka
53
N. P. Dammika Padmakanthi
5 Unlucky Generation: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic
on the Youth Labor Market
69
Sasiwimon Warunsiri Paweenawat and Lusi Liao
Conclusion
90
TABLES, FIGURES,
AND BOX
TABLES
iv
1.1
Composition of Employment in Formal and Informal Sector, 2020
12
1.2
Distribution of Informal and Formal Sector Employment by Main Occupation, 2020
13
1.3
Distribution of Informal Sector Employment by Level of Education, 2020
13
2.1
Regional Classification of States Considered for the Study
24
3.1
Impact of Formal Vocational Training and Informal Vocational Training
on Participation in Different Types of Employment in India: Multinomial Logit Estimates
43
3.2
Impact of Formal Vocational Training and Informal Vocational Training on the Earnings
of Different Types of Employment
46
3.3
Impact of Formal and Informal Vocational Training on the Earnings across
Quantiles of Self-Employment in India
47
4.1
Labor Market Characteristics in Sri Lanka
54
4.2
Different Industry Sectors with Training Programs Conducted by the
Department of Technical Education and Training
57
4.3
Results of the Probit Model
61
4.4
Results of the Regression Model
62
4.5
Education Level of Unemployed Youth, Sri Lanka
63
4.6
Age Distribution of Unemployed Youth
64
4.7
Results of the Factor Analysis
65
5.1
Unemployment Rate by Age and Gender during Major Crises in Thailand
72
5.2
Quarterly GDP, Inflation Rate, and Unemployment Rate in Thailand, 2020–2021
73
5.3
Basic Statistics of Young and Old Workers by Quarter, 2020–2021
73
5.4
Monthly Unemployment Rate, Working Hours, and Wage of Young and Old Workers, 2020–2021
74
FIGURES
1.1
Comparison of Sectoral Contribution to Gross Domestic Product and Share of Employment
2
1.2
Trends in GDP Growth and Unemployment
3
1.3
Share of Unemployed Persons by Level of Education
4
1.4
Recent Trends in Youth Unemp
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