2020年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题08 语法填空一、2020年高考真题 I.记叙文1. 【2020·全国卷I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62． (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63． it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64． (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so 65． the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66． (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68． (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69． ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70． (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【答案】61．touched62．extremely63．where64．interest65．than66．to find67．means68．is constructed69．much70．its【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。
中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义61．.考查时态句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched62．考查副词句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely63．考查定语从句句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导故填where64．考查名词句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”故填interest65．考查介词句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。
故填than66．考查非谓语动词句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语故填to find67．考查时态和主谓一致句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means68．考查时态、语态和主谓一致句意同上分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed69．考查形容词句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much70．考查代词句意同上根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its2. 【2020·全国卷II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a 61． (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62． (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63． (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 64． decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times 65． (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66． (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67． health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68． (care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69． (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70． first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【答案】61．celebration62．carries63．coming64．than65．decorated66．Certainly67．with68．to care69．beautiful70．the【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意61．考查名词句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始不定冠词a后接名词形式故填celebration62．考查主谓一致句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式故填carries63．考查非谓语动词句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语故填coming64．考查短语句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是故填than65．考查非谓语动词句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语故填decorated66．考查副词句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。
故填Certainly67．考查短语句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起be associated with与……相联系故填with68．考查非谓语动词句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构填to care69．考查形容词句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰修饰名词branches，用形容词形式故填beautiful70．考查冠词句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the故填the3. 【2020·全国卷III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式In ancient China lived an artist61． paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist w。