(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第三册 Unit 3　高考题型组合练 (含详解)

高考题型组合练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A In 2007，Bianca Valenti had an experience which nearly killed her.When she paddled out at Ocean Beach in San Francisco，she met a wave the length of a garage and as tall as a two-story house. “The second I went under water，I was just getting knocked and spun every which way.And then my feet touched the sand bottom there.I swam to the surface.At this point my lungs were burning painfully.I just thought to myself，‘If there’s one more wave after this，I’m going to die.’ Luckily there wasn’t another wave.” That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill to surf big waves. By 2014，Valenti surfed and won her first big waves contest at Nelscott Reef in Oregon.There，she met fellow professionals Paige Alms，Andrea Moller，and Keala Kennelly.“Two things got me fired up at that point，” she said.“I wanted to have the opportunity to win more events，but there weren’t more events for women.Also I noticed that just the sight of women surfing big waves was opening people’s minds...That’s really annoying.” Luckily，Valenti，Alms，Moller，and Kennelly became a dynamic foursome and decided to stick together，support each other，and then fight together. The four surfers formed Committee for Equity in Women’s Surfing(CEWS) to fight for entrance at Mavericks—a contest set in the surfing location of the same name，north of Half Moon Bay.Mavericks was invitation-only and was open to only men when CEWS was formed.Now，through the organization’s hard work with the State of California，women are awarded 12 spots to surf. When Valenti was young，there weren’t many women represented in surfing culture.“I think it’s important for young kids to have all kinds of role models.That way they know all the people who they see as superheroes are just normal people who have crazy dreams.And sometimes the dreams aren’t even that crazy.If you work hard and you stick together with your friends，you can do anything.You can move mountains.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bianca Valenti的冲浪生涯以及她为女性在这一领域能够获得平等的机会所做出的努力。 1．What inspired Valenti to surf big waves? A．Her gift in learning surfing skills. B．Her near-death experience in 2007. C．Her courage to challenge men surfers. D．Her ambition to be the best role model. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段，特别是其最后一句“That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill to surf big waves.”可知，Valenti在2007年被大浪击倒而险些溺亡的经历激励了她去冲巨浪。故选B。 2．What does the underlined phrase “fired up” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Angry. B．Excited. C．Depressed. D．Concerned. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段倒数第二句“That’s really annoying.”可知，Valenti对这样的现状感到很愤怒；结合画线词所在句可推知，fired up应意为“愤怒的”，与angry意思相近。故选A。 3．What do we know about Mavericks in Valenti’s time? A．It was named after the bay. B．All surfers were admitted to it freely. C．It opened 12 spots for women surfers. D．Surfers could only attend it by invitation. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Mavericks was invitation-only and was open to only men when CEWS was formed.”可知，只有受到邀请的人才能参加Mavericks。故选D。 4．Which of the following phrases can best describe Valenti? A．Ambitious and courageous. B．Emotional and stubborn. C．Tough and impractical. D．Simple-minded but helpful. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，Valenti敢做大多数女性不敢做的事情，她认为伟大的人不过是坚持完成了自己的疯狂梦想的普通人。她不断冲浪、获奖，并力图改变这一领域缺乏女性参与的现状。由此可推知，她是一个有雄心壮志且勇敢的人。故选A。 B Home to reefs，sharks and many exotic fish，the Coral Sea is a unique reserve of biodiversity off the northeastern coast of Australia.If a proposal by the Australian government goes ahead，the region will become the world’s largest marine protected area，with bans on fishing，mining and marine farming. The Coral Sea reserve will cover almost 990,000 square kilometers and stretch as far as 1,100 kilometers from the coast.Revealed by environment minister Tony Burke，the proposal will be the last in a series of proposed marine reserves around Australia’s coast. But the plan attracts criticism from scientists and conservation groups claiming the government hasn’t done enough in protecting the Coral Sea.They even point out only half of the Coral Sea reserve is proposed as a “no-take” area，in which all fishing would be banned.But the world’s largest existing marine reserve，established by the British government in the Indian Ocean，spans 554,000 km2 and is a no-take zone throughout.Some people argue more of the Coral Sea should receive this level of protection. The Australian government didn’t respond to the criticism.But Robin Beaman，a marine geologist，says the reserve does “broadly protect the range of habitats” in the sea.“I can testify to the huge effort that government agencies and other organizations have made to understand the ecological values of this vast area，” he says. Reserves proposed earlier for Australia’s southwestern coastal regions have also been criticized for not giving habitats adequate protection.Some scientists pointed out the proposals for the southwestern region had not been based on the “core science principles” of reserves—the protected regions were not representative of all the habitats in the regi