考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文v

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考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文 1. Everybody loves a fat pay rise . Yet pleasure at you own can vanish if you learn that a colleague have been given a bigger one . Indeed , if he has a reputation for slacking , you might even be outraged . 结构: · Everybody [主] loves [谓] a fat pay rise [宾] . · Yet pleasure at you own [主] can vanish [谓] · 条件状语从句:if you [主] learn [谓] · 宾语从句:that a colleague [主] have been given [谓(被)] a bigger one [宾] . · Indeed , · 条件状语从句:if he [主] has [谓] a reputation for slacking [宾] , · 主句:you [主] might even be [系] outraged [表] 单词: rise vi.上升 升起 起身 增加 上涨 Vanish vi.消失 消亡 Reputation n.名誉 名声 Slack a.松散的 vi.懒散 偷懒 Outrage vt.使震怒 n.震怒 解析: · if引导条件状语从句 · 第一个条件状语从句中包含了一个宾语从句 · that引导宾语从句,做learn的宾语 直译:每个人都喜欢涨丰厚的工资。然而,你的这种愉悦感可能会消失,如果你知道你的同事得到了更高的工资的情况下。尤其是,这个同事有一个懒散的名声,那么你可能会更加愤怒 译文:人人都喜欢丰厚的加薪,然而,如果你了解到某个同事的薪水增加得更多的话,那么加薪给你带来的喜悦感就消失了,事实上,如果这位同事还有懒散的名声的话,你甚至可能会怒不可遏 重点: · if引导条件状语从句,可翻译为如果...那么 · 第一个条件状语从句中包含了一个宾语从句 · that引导宾语从句,做learn的宾语 2. Such behaviour is regarded as “ all too human ”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance . 结构: · Such behaviour [主] is regarded as [谓(被)] “ all too human ” [宾], · with the underlying assumption [状] · 同位语从句:that other animals [主] would not be capable of [谓] this finely developed sense of grievance [宾] 单词: Underlying a.潜在的 在下面的 assumption n.假设 Finely ad.非常地 细微地 美好地 grievance n.委屈 不满 词组: Regard as 看成 看作 Be capable of 能够 解析: · that引导同位语从句,补充说明assumption 直译:这些行为被认为是“全都是人类的”,原因是有这样一个潜在的假设,其他的动物没有这种非常发达的不满情绪 译文:这种的行为被看成是“人之常情”,其中隐含的假设是:其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的不满意识 重点: · Regard as 看成 看作 · Be capable of 能够 · that引导同位语从句,补充说明assumption 3. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta , Georgia , which has just been published in Nature , suggests that it is all too monkey , as well . 结构: · But a study [主] by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta · 插入语: , Georgia , · 定语从句:which [主] has just been published [表] in Nature , suggests [谓] · 宾语从句:that it [主] is [系] all too monkey , as well [表] 词组: As well 也 同样 解析: · 两个逗号之间是插入语 · which引导定语从句,修饰study,并截断了主语和谓语 · that引导宾语从句,做suggests的宾语 直译:但是,G亚特兰大E大学的SB和FW刚刚在《自然》杂志上出版的研究认为,这种不满的意识同样属于猴子 译文:但是,由乔治亚州亚特兰大市埃默里大学的莎拉布罗斯南和弗兰斯德瓦尔进行的一项研究显示:这种行为也极具猴性,这项研究刚刚发布在《自然》杂志上 重点: · 两个逗号之间是插入语 · which引导定语从句,修饰study,并截断了主语和谓语 · that引导宾语从句,做suggests的宾语 4. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys . They look cute . They are good-natured , co-operative creatures , and they share their food readily . 结构: · The researchers [主] studied [谓] the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys [宾] . · They look cute . · They are good-natured , co-operative creatures , · and they share their food readily 单词: Brown a.棕色的 Capuchin n.卷尾猴 僧帽猴 readily ad.容易地 乐意地 无困难地 直译:研究人员研究的是雌性棕色卷尾猴的行为。他们看起来很可爱。他们是性格温和的,合作型的生物,而且他们很乐意分享食物 译文:研究人员研究了雌性棕色卷尾猴的行为,这些猴子看上去很聪明,它们生性温和,乐于协作,并且乐意分享食物 5. Above all , like their female human counterparts , they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “ goods and services ” than males . 结构: · Above all , · like their female human counterparts , · they [主] tend to [谓] pay much closer attention to the value of “ goods and services ” than males [宾] 单词: Counterpart n.配对物 副本 极相似的人或物 词组: Above all 尤其是 首先 Tend to 往往 Pay attention to 关注 直译:尤其是,它们和对应的人类女性一样,它们往往比雄性更加关注“物品和服务”的价值 译文:更重要的是,如同人类女性一样,它们往往比雄性更注重“物品和服务”的价值 重点: · Counterpart n.配对物 副本 极相似的人或物 · Above all 尤其是 首先 · Tend to 往往 · Pay attention to 关注 1. Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism . 结构: · Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn [主] exemplified [谓] American anti-intellectualism [宾] 单词: exemplify vt.例证 例示 直译:马克吐温的HF例子证明了美国人的反才智主义 译文:马克吐温的《哈克贝利费恩历险记》一书展现了美国人的反才智主义 2. Its hero avoids being civilized —— going to school and learning to read —— so he can preserve his innate goodness . 结构: · Its [主1] hero [主2] avoids [谓2] being civilized [谓1] · 插入语:—— going to school and learning to read —— · so he [主] can preserve [谓] his innate goodness [宾] 单词: Preserve vt.保护 维护 innate a.天生的 先天的 goodness n.善良 美德 解析: · 主主谓谓的结构中,中间的主谓是从句 · 两个破折号之间是插入语 直译:因为主角避免了被文明化,即上学和学习阅读,所以他能够保持他天生的美德 译文:书中的主人公逃避接受教育——即不上学,不读书——所以它能够保持他天生的美德 重点: · 主主谓谓的结构中,中间的主谓是从句 · 两个破折号之间是插入语 3. Intellect , according to Hofstadter , is different from native intelligence , a quality we reluctantly admire . Intellect is the critical , creative , and contemplative side of the mind . 结构: · Intellect [主] · 插入语:, according to Hofstadter , · is [系] different from native intelligence [表] , a quality [定] · 定语从句:we [主] reluctantly admire [谓] . · Intellect [主] is [系] the critical , creative , and contemplative side of the mind [表] 单词: Reluctantly ad.不情愿地 不愿意地 Admire v.钦佩 欣赏 Contemplative a. 沉思的 词组: According to 根据 Be different from 和...不同 解析: · 两个逗号之间是插入语,截断了主语和谓语 · Quality 后面是定语从句,省略了引导词that 直译:根据霍夫斯塔特,才智和天赋是不同的,是我们不愿意接受的一种才能。才智是大脑批判性,创造
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