Unit 5 Revealing Nature Using language高二英语上学期 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册）

Period 2 Using LanguageUning languageStep 1.When to use Past perfect Step 2.The difference between past perfect present perfect and simple past Step 3.Exercises _Using Language1.n.特征，特性2.v.减少3.n.陆龟4.v.责怪，指责；把归咎于5.n.山羊6.源于的，原产于7.adj.原始的，低等的8.adv.遍及全世界characteristicdeclinetortoiseblamegoatbe native toprimitiveworldwide单单词词清清障障Using Language8.adj.巨大的，特大的9.巨型陆龟10.n.红树（一种热带树木）11.n.鬣蜥(一种大型热带美洲蜥蜴)12.adj.梳状的13.n.(动物的)刺，刺毛单单词词清清障障_giantgiant tortoisemangtove iguanacomb-likegiantUsing Language原文再现原文再现 Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor,.In this sentence the two actions both hanppened in the past,Action B happened first,Action A happened later.In this situation,past perfect is used to describe Action B and simple past is used to describe Action A.Action Ahappening firsthappening laterAction BUning languageMany people refused to believe that living things,including humans,had evolved from lower forms of life.原文再现原文再现happening laterhappening firstThe past perfect is a verb tense which is used to show that an action took place once or many times before another action/point in the past.Uning languagePast Perfect FormsThe past perfect is formed using had+past participle.Questions are indicated by inverting the subject and had.Negatives are made with had not.Statement:You had studied English before you moved to New York.Question:Had you studied English before you moved to New York?Negative:You had not studied English before you moved to New York.Uning languageThe past perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past.It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.past perfectsimple pastUning languageExamples1.I _(not see)such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.2.I did not have any money because I _(lose)my wallet.3.Tony knew Istanbul so well because he _(visit)the city several times.4._ Susan _(study)Thai before she moved to Thailand?5.She only understood the movie because she _(read)the book.6.Kristine _(never be)to an opera before last night.7.We were not able to get a hotel room because we _(not book)in advance.8.A:_ you ever _(visit)the U.S.before your trip in 2006?B:Yes,I _ to the U.S.once before.hadnt seenhad losthad visitedstudiedHadhad readhad never beenhadnt bookedHad visitedhad beenUning languageUSE 2 Duration Before Something in the Past(Non-Continuous Verbs)With non-continuous verbs(simple past),we use the past perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action(non-continuous verbs)in the past.simple past(non-continuouspast perfect durationUning languageExamples1.We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.2.By the time Alex finished his studies,he had been in London for over eight years.3.They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty years.non-continuous verbpast perfect durationnon-continuous verbpast perfect durationpast perfect durationnon-continuous verbThe words live,work,teach,and study are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT non-continuous verbs.Uning languageADVERB PLACEMENTAdverbs such as always,only,never,ever,still and just are usually placed between had and past participle.Examples:You had previously studied English before you moved to New York.Had you previously studied English before you moved to New York?Uning languageACTIVE/PASSIVEActive voice:had+past participlePassive voice:had+been+past participleActive:George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanics license.Passive:Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanics license.Uning languageComplete the paragraphs with the information from the given sentences.The sentences are in the order in which they happened.The can help you decide the use of tenses.a.Natural disasters led to food shortages in the 1960s.b.Yuan Longping began to do research on hybrid rice.c.Yuan Longping developed a better type of rice.Yuan Longping _to do research on hyarid rice because natural disasters_food shortages in the 1960s.In the end,he _ a better type of rice.beganhad led todevelopedUning languagea.Gregor Mendel chose to study pea plants because their characteristics were easy to control.b.Gregor Mendel made important discoveries about genetics.c.Gregor Mendel died in 1884Gregor Mendel _study pea plants because their characteristics were easy to control.By the tirme of his death in 1894,he _discoveries about genetics.chose tohad made important Uning languageComplete the online encyclaepia entry eith the correct form of the words in the petedeclineeatliveintroducearriveLonesome George was the last Pinta Island torroise.He died in 2012.After Georges death,the Pinta Island tortoise was declared exinct.The extinction of the Pinta Island tortoise is blamed on humans.Before humans _on the island,the species _in islation and _plants that naturally grew there.George was discovered many years after their arrival,and by then humans _new