山东省青岛市2022届高三上学期期初考英语试题+Word版含解析

高中2019级教学质量检测 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Some influential figures have left their marks in the world of science and technology. Sundar Pichai is the current CEO of Google. At present, Google is the most popular search engine and is a word that has entered the dictionary in its verb form, ‘Googling '. He was not born with a silver spoon in his mouth and the family suffered from poverty. But his story never fails to remind all that with determination and hard work, one can beat the odds. Although Steve Jobs passed on years ago, he was, and still is, the perfect role model for many entrepreneurs. He was fired from the company of Apple, and then he went on to start up two other successful companies. Later, he returned to Apple where he created the iPhone, a product that many consider to be the most significant invention of this century. Elon Musk is the founder of SpaceX and Tesla. He used to be a major shareholder and CEO in PayPal, but was forced to leave from his role as CEO due to disagreements with the company leaders. Currently, he has set his sights on ways to reduce global warming, including keeping a lookout for new sources of renewable energy, and has an exciting ambition to establish a human colony in Mars. Mark Zuckerberg is the founder of Facebook. Many are aware of his enormous success in building the $350-billion company but not many know that he had to journey through a rocky path to get to where he is today. He dropped out of college and had to tide over uncertain times before reaching success. 1. What did Steve Jobs do after being fired from Apple? A. He gave lectures to young businessmen. B. He became a successful entrepreneur of two other start-ups. C. He started a company where he created iPhone. D. He made the most significant invention in the world. 2. Who is on the frontier of space exploration technology? A. Sundar Pichai. B. Steve Jobs. C. Elon Musk. D. Mark Zuckerberg. 3. What similarity do the four figures share? A. They were born into poor families. B. They went through hardship before success. C. They contributed a lot to renewable energy. D. They quit college to chase their dreams. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个在科技界做出巨大成就的名人。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“He was fired from the company of Apple, and then he went on to start up two other successful companies. （他被苹果公司解雇了，然后又创办了另外两家成功的公司）”可知，在被苹果公司解雇后，乔布斯成为另外两家初创企业的成功企业家。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Elon Musk is the founder of SpaceX and Tesla. （Elon Musk是SpaceX和特斯拉的创始人）”“Currently, he has set his sights on ways to reduce global warming, including keeping a lookout for new sources of renewable energy, and has an exciting ambition to establish a human colony in Mars.（目前，他已将目光投向减少全球变暖的方法，包括寻找新的可再生能源，并有一个令人兴奋的雄心壮志，即在火星上建立人类殖民地）”可知，Elon Musk是太空探索方面的先锋。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的对Sundar Pichai的描述“He was not born with a silver spoon in his mouth and the family suffered from poverty. But his story never fails to remind all that with determination and hard work, one can beat the odds.（他不是含着银汤匙出生的，家里很穷。但他的故事总是提醒大家，只要有决心和努力，就可以战胜困难） ”，第二段的对Steve Jobs的描述“He was fired from the company of Apple, and then he went on to start up two other successful companies. （他被苹果公司解雇了，然后又创办了另外两家成功的公司）”，和对Elon Musk的描述“He used to be a major shareholder and CEO in PayPal, but was forced to leave from his role as CEO due to disagreements with the company leaders.（他曾是PayPal的主要股东和首席执行官，但由于与公司领导意见分歧，他被迫辞去首席执行官的职务）”以及第三段对Mark Zuckerberg的描述 “Many are aware of his enormous success in building the $350-billion company but not many know that he had to journey through a rocky path to get to where he is today. He dropped out of college and had to tide over uncertain times before reaching success.（许多人都知道他在建立这家价值3500亿美元的公司方面取得了巨大的成功，但没有多少人知道他必须走过一条崎岖的道路才能达到今天的水平。他从大学退学，在获得成功之前，他不得不度过不确定的时期）”可知，这四个人物的共同点是他们都是在经历了艰难困苦之后才取得成功的。故选B。 【点睛】 B Every year on April 22,Earth Day marks the anniversary of the birth of the modern environmental movement in 1970.It gave a voice to an emerging public consciousness about the state of our planet.The founder was Gaylord Nelson. What moved Gaylord Nelson to action was the1969massive oil spill（溢出）in California,the largest oil spill in the United States at that time.The spill proved to be an environmental nightmare as it had a strong impact on marine life,killing an estimated3,500sea birds,as well as marine animals such as dolphins,elephant seals and sea lions.Inspired by the student antiwar movement at that period of time,Nelson found it was a right time to channel the energy of the students towards a fight for environmen