(完整版)小学英语句型句式

小学英语句型句式小学英语句型句式一、句子的分类：一、句子的分类：1.陈述句 A肯定陈述句：主语+be+其它+句号主语+V（Vs,Ved）+其它+句号主语+情态动词+V+其它+句号B否定陈述句：主语+be not+其它+句号主语+dont(doesnt,didnt)+V+其它+句号 主语+情态动词+not+V+其它+句号 2.疑问句 A一般疑问句：be+主语+其它+问号Do(Does,Did)+主语+V+其它+问号情态动词+主语+V+其它+问号B特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+其它+问号特殊疑问词+do(does,did)+主语+V+其它+问号特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+V+其它+问号 3祈使句 A肯定祈使句：动词（原形）+其他+标点 B否定祈使句：Dont+动词（原形）+其他+标点4感叹句：What+a(an)+What+a(an)+形容词形容词+名词名词+(+(主语主语+谓语谓语)例如：What beautiful flowers!What a mess!What a beautiful desert!How+How+形容词形容词(副词副词)+)+主语主语+谓语谓语!例如：How beautiful!How beautiful the flower is!二、把陈述句改为否定句、一般疑问句：二、把陈述句改为否定句、一般疑问句：陈述句：是用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法，可分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。1、改为否定句：（1）、谓语动词是 be 动词,助动词 have,has,will,情态动词 can 等时，只要直接在这些词后面加 not 就构成否定形式。如：Lily is reading a story book.(改为否定句)Lily _reading a story book.（2）、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词 dont，第三人称单数加 doesnt，一般过去时加 didnt，dont,doesnt，didnt 后都用动词原形。如：The children had a good time at the party.(改为否定句)The children _ a good time at the party.2、改为一般疑问句：一般疑问句：以 be 动词,have/has/do 等助动词、can/may/will 等情态动词开头，以yes 或 no 来回答的问句。（1）、谓语动词是 be 动词、助动词、情态动词时，只要直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号。如：They will go to Shanghai by ship.(改为一般疑问句)_1(2)、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词助动词 DoDo、DoesDoes（三单）（三单）、DidDid（过去式）（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子中谓语动词必须用原形。加上这些助动词后，句子中谓语动词必须用原形。如：I had some cotton candy.(改为一般疑问句)_注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有 already、some、something、somebody 等词，如果有也必须进行改变，already 要改成 yet，some、something、somebody 等分别改成 any、anything、anybody 等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把 too 改成 either,both 改成 neither,all 改成 none 等.在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称 I、we 改成第二人称 you。（I/weyou,myyour ,many/some any）三、特殊疑问句：三、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。它的基本结构是：特殊疑问词一般疑问句语序。常用的疑问词有：what,who(whom),whose,which,when,where,how,why 等，回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用 yes 或 no 来回答。1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用 whatThe twins were making a kite.（用 what 就划线提问）_2)对名词前定语提出疑问，疑问词应用 which，而且必须和名词连用。Im going to take the shirt on the right.（划线提问）_ _ are you going to take?3)对指人名词或代词提问用 who，作宾语时提问用 whom。eg.Li Ping,they,his father4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用 whose。eg.Li Pings coatWhose coatmy fatherWhose father5 对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning,last Sunday 等，疑问词用 when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用 what time。6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用 where。The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill.（划线提问）_ _ the pupils having a picnic?7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有 because 引导的从句，疑问词应用 why。Xiao Cheng didnt go to the farm with us because he was ill.（划线提问）_ _ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词 How。9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为 How many，要注意 how many 必须跟名词的复数形式。two hundred sheepHow many sheep10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用 How much。I paid fifty yuan for the sweater._ _ did you pay for the sweater?11)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用 How long。_ _ _ you worked in that factory?12)对时间频率，如 once a year,twice a week 等提问，疑问词用 How often。213)对具体次数，如 once,twice,three times等提问，疑问词用 How many times。eg._ did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice.（96 中考题）A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long14)对 in一段时间提问，疑问词一般用 How soon。eg.Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours.（划线提问）_ _ _ Jane and her brother finish the work?15)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用 How far。eg.Its about two kilometres from here to the country.（划线提问）_ _ _ _ from here to the country?16)另外，对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用 Whats the date?/What dayis it?如果是过去时间，就用 was 代替 is。如：Whats the weather like?四、句式变换的方法：四、句式变换的方法：陈述句陈述句1 1句子中有句子中有 bebe 动词动词is,am,is,am,areare，was,werewas,were 的：的：1.Im ten.2.They are red.3.Its nine oclock.4.She was at home.5.They were crying.句子中有情态动句子中有情态动词的：词的：改否定句改否定句在在 bebe 动词动词 is,am,is,am,are,was,wereare,was,were后面后面加上加上 notnot：Im notnot ten.They aren n t t red.Its notnot nine oclock.She wasnt at home.They werent crying.改一般疑问句改一般疑问句划线部分提问划线部分提问用相应的疑问词替换用相应的疑问词替换划线部分提问，再写划线部分提问，再写is,am,are,was,wereis,am,are,was,wereHow old are you?What color are they?What time is it?Where was she?What were they doing?用相应的疑问词替换划线部用相应的疑问词替换划线部分提问，再写再写情态动词分提问，再写再写情态动词2 23 3将将 bebe 动词动词 is,am,is,am,are,was,wereare,was,were 放在放在句子前面：句子前面：AreAre you ten?AreAre they red?Is Is it nine o clock?Was she at home?Were they crying?在情在情 态动词后态动词后 面加面加将将在在情情态态动动词词放放上上 notnot:在句子前面：在句子前面：She can draw.She can t t draw.CanCan she draw?What can she do?句子中只有行为句子中只有行为在在 行行 为为 动动 词词 前前 加加在句子前面加助动词在句子前面加助动词用相应的疑问词替换划线部用相应的疑问词替换划线部动词的：动词的：dondon t,doesnt,doesn t,didnt,didn t tdo,doesdo,does，didndidn t t 被帮被帮分提问，分提问，再加助动词再加助动词 do,doesdo,does，被帮的动词用原形：被帮的动词用原形：的动词用原形：的动词用原形：didndidn t t 被帮的动词用原形：被帮的动词用原形：I like pears.He likes ants.Ben has a bike.Lisa got a puppy.I dondon t t likelike pears.He doesndoesn t t likelike ants.Ben doesdoesn nt t havehave a bike.Lisa didnt get a puppy.DoDo you likelike pears?DoeDoes he likelike ants?DoesDoes Ben havehave a bike?Did Lisa get a puppy?What do you like?What does he like?Who has a bike?(注意)What did Lisa get?五、五、感叹句：感叹句：1 1、由、由 WhatWhat 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句其结构为其结构为:What+a(an)+:What+a(an)+形容词形容词+名词名词+(+(主语主语+谓语谓语)，如，如3例如：What interesting books they are!多有趣的书啊!What bad weather it is!多坏的天气啊!What a beautiful girl!多漂亮的女孩啊!在口语中在口语中,这类感叹句有时常省略主语和谓语这类感叹句有时常省略主语和谓语,如：如：What a big fish!多大的一条语啊What a pretty girl!多秀丽的女孩啊!What a beautiful bird!多么漂亮的一只鸟啊!2 2、由、由 howho