初一介词详解及练习题无复习资料

初一介词讲解及练习介词：介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分介词短语=介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当）根据词形，介词分为三类：1 简单介词：in,on,from,at,for合成介词：upon,into,onto,inside,without成语介词：由两个以上单词合成。in front of,in the middle of,on top of一、常用固定搭配的介词短语形式1.动词+介词 look like;look at;talk to;think of2.be+形容词+介词 be surprised at;be afraid of3.be+名词+介词 be mad at sb;the key to;the way to4.介词+名词 at work;at home;at school;at last;on the farm5.介词+名词+介词 in front of;at the age of;at the end of6.介词+动名词短语 after leaving school;after finishing it7.介词+代词 for her;from each other;after him8.其他词+介词 instead of;because of;according to举例：1.She looks likelooks like her mother.2.Your coat looks very nice.Whats s it made of made of?3.Would you please show me the way tothe way to the bank?4.My father is working at the officeat the office.5.Dont stand in front ofin front of the car.Its too dangerous.6.Please tide your schoolbag before leaving school.before leaving school.7.It is dangerous for herfor her to swim along.8.What a nice day!We should go sightseeing instead ofinstead of watchingwatching TV in the hotel.常用介词用法：in 的用法：1.in on at 的用法区别：in 表示一日中上午、下午、晚上或周、月、季、年on 表示日、周日或特定某日中的一段时间at 表示点钟，一日中的黎明、中午、黄昏、半夜等in the evening,in the week,in August,in spring,in 2013,in three dayson Monday,on May the first,on a rainy day,on July 10,2013at five,at night,第 1 页2.in into inside 的用法区别；He spent about 21 hours in space.China sent a man into space.Yang Liwei was inside.in 的用法比较多，在这里只讲这三个有共同的意识：在.里的区别 in 在上面句子里是介词，表示在.里 into 强调由外及内的过程，而 in 不强调 inside 在.里面，有名词，介词，形容词，副词用法，在上面句子里是名词，而in 不能表示这种意识3.in 及 after 的用法区别；We went there in six days.(过去时中 in 表.时间内)We went there after six days.(过去时中 after 表.时间后)We often do our homework after school.(固定词组,after class;after supper 等)After finishing his homework,he went to bed.(after+动名词)He will come in two days.(将来时中 in 表.时间后)He will come within two days.(将来时 within 表.时间内)My mother often goes to work after 8 oclock.(现在时中 after+时间点表.时间后)4.in,on 在上on 表示两个物体的接触，但不表深度，如墙上的黑板、地图、图画in 表示在上必须具有某种深度，如墙上的门、窗、洞等on 打在某人的头上、腿上、鼻子上等in 打在某人的（脸上、腹部等）on the tree 树上长出的东西in the tree用来指外界的人、动物在树上5.in with 的用法：in 后所用的材料 in ink;in pencil;Dont write a letter in pencil.with 后加所用的工具 He does his homework with a pencil.6.in dress wearThe girl in the hat is my friend.(in 或 be in 表状态)She had on a red dress.(have on 表状态)He often wears a sweater.(wear 表状态)Here is a coat for you.Youd better put it on.(put on 表动作)She got up and dressed herself quickly.(dress sb 或 dress oneself 既表动作又表状态)7.in time 和 on time 的区别We were just in time for the bus.及时The train arrived on time.准时8.in bed,on the bed 的区别He is ill.He is in bed all day.卧床，睡觉A nice box is on the bed.床上躺着休息或某物在床上9.in on to 的区别China is in the east of the world.(in 表示在某一地区之内的某方位)Korea is on the east of China.(on 表示及某地相邻)Japan is to the east of China.(to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位).Taiwan is in the south of China.（台湾和大陆虽然以海相隔，但是我国的一个省，要用 in）第 2 页10.in the street 和 on the street 的用法表示“在街上”时，英国常用前者，美国常用后者11.in hospital in the hospitalShe is in hospital.在住院She is in the hospital.在医院工作12.in school 在学习 at school 在学校；在上课其他词组：keep in mind 牢记be in contact with 和联系with 的用法：用工具write with a pencut with knifefill withsee with our eyes表示伴随状态with a wordwith a smilebring sth with sbtake sth with sb固定搭配：with the help ofbe busy with重点句：After the final exam,Peter,withwith her parents,isis going to travel to Canadainstead ofinstead of stayingat home all the time.by 的用法：by 表示“到之前”by seven oclock by now by the end of last yearby yesterday by thenBy tomorrow,Ill have the outstanding(出售)five percent.到了明天，我将得到未出售的百分之五。by 表示“乘交通工具，用方式或方法”by bus by heart by sea by trainby car by ship by boat by airby oneself by the wayon,by 用法：on a bike;on 及 the,ones,或 a 这类限定词连用by bike;by train 不加限定词by,beside,near,beyond 的用法区别：by 靠近，在近旁beside 在旁边，其距离远于“by”near 在附近，距离远于 beside，而且范围大第 3 页beyond 在以外练习一：用 by,beside,near,beyond 填空1.The little girl is sitting _ her mother.2.There is a white car _ our school.3.Many shops are _ our home.4._ our city there is a river.练习二：1.The post office is _ the police station and the library.A.between B.among C.in2.The old woman lives _ a small village.It is _ two hills.A.in,among B.at,among C.at,between D.in,between3.I cant finish my work _ your help.A.with B.without C.in4.Thank you _ _ me to have dinner.A.for invite B.of invite C.for inviting5.He would like to walk _ the jungle(丛林)on vacation.A.across B.cross C.through6.Its dangerous to go _ the street now.A.across B.cross C.through7.The young man walked _ the forest and came to a big river at last.A.across B.cross C.through8.Why are you standing,Alice?-I cant see the blackboard clearly.Two tall boys are sitting _ me.A.behind B.next to C.in front of9.If you do things _,usually you cant do them well.A.in a hurry B.from now on C.just now10.She had to sell the house even though it was _ her own wishes.A.above B.against C.for11.What a nice day!We should go sightseeing _ watching TV in the hotel.A.because of B.instead of C.together with12.Your coat looks very nice.Whats it made _?-Cotton,and it is made _ Wuhan.A.from,in B.of