新高考版英语高中总复习专题八《写作基础（讲解练）》教与学

考点清单栏目索引第三部分写作专题八写作基础高考英语高考英语考点清单栏目索引第一节基本句型奠基第一节基本句型奠基考点清单考点清单英语中最基本的句型有八种,其他各种句型都是由这八种基本句型演化而成。八种基本句型如下:1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)Mybrotherisstudying.我弟弟正在学习。2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语Iworkinacomputerfirm.EverydayIgetupearlyinthemorning.Afterbreakfast,Igotoworkbybike.我在一家电脑公司工作。每天早上我都早早起床。早饭后,我骑自行车去上班。考点清单栏目索引3.主语+系动词+表语MyEnglishismuchbetterthanbefore.Ifeelveryhappy.Iamverygratefulforyourhelp.我的英语比以前好多了。我感到非常高兴。我非常感谢你的帮助。4.主语+谓语+宾语Tommetadifficultproblem.Ifoundawayandhelpedhim.汤姆遇到了一个难题。我找到一个方法并帮助了他。5.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语ItookanEnglishexamyesterday.Ihadpreparedforitfortwoweeks.BeforeIturnedinthepaper,Icheckeditcarefully.昨天我参加了一场英语考试。我为此准备了两周的时间。在上交试卷之前,我仔细地检查了一下。考点清单栏目索引6.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语Mr.SmithhastaughtusEnglishfor3years.Yesterdaywashis50thbirthday.EveryoneofusboughthimapresentandIeventoldhimaninterestingstory.史密斯先生教我们英语已经三年了。昨天是他50岁生日。我们每个人都给他买了一个礼物,我甚至给他讲了一个有趣的故事。7.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语Theoldmanhadalovelydaughter.HenamedherLily.Hemadeherveryhappyeverydayandwantedhertobecomeanartist.这个老人有一个可爱的女儿。他叫她莉莉。每天他都让她很高兴并且想让她成为一名艺术家。8.Therebe句型Therearefourteachingbuildings,alibraryandagyminourschool,thereare36classesintotal,andthereare50studentsonaverageineachclass.我们学校有四栋教学楼、一个图书馆、一个体育馆和36个教学班,平均每个班有50名学生。考点清单栏目索引第二节连接过渡整合第二节连接过渡整合考点清单考点清单连接词与过渡词语的使用是语言连贯性得以实现的基本手段。在句与句、段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接(过渡)性词语是非常必要的。写作中常用的过渡性词语归纳如下:一、表起始关系的过渡性词语firstofall,tobegin/startwith,firstly,nowadays,currently,recently,generally(speaking),thesedays,withthedevelopmentof,asfarasIknow,accordingto,aboveall,inonesopinion,bytheway,whenitcomesto.,assb.knowFirstofall,letmeaskyousomething.首先,让我问你一件事。AsfarasIknow,theticketsaregivenawayfree.据我所知,这些票是免费发放的。考点清单栏目索引二、表平行、对等或选择关系的过渡性词语and,both.and.,aswell(as),neither.nor.,or,either.or.,notonly.butal-so.,not.but.,ontheonehand.ontheotherhand.,foronething.foran-other(thing).Theycanneitherreadnorwrite.他们不会读,也不会写。Theoutcomedependsonconditionsaswellashoweventsunfold.结果取决于条件,还取决于事件的进展。三、表递进关系的过渡性词语whatsmore,moreover,furthermore,additionally,inaddition,also,besides,still,whatsworse,tomakethings/mattersworse,worsestill,evenworseWorsestill,mostofthesefoodsareloadedwithfat,salt,andchemicals.更糟糕的是,这些食品中的大多数富含脂肪、盐和化学成分。考点清单栏目索引Theyoungfindeverythingsosimple.Theyoung,moreover,seeitastheirdu-tytobehappyanddotheirbesttobeso.年轻人觉得每件事都那么简单。而且,他们把幸福视为自己的责任,并努力去实现幸福。四、表转折或让步关系的过渡性词语(al)though,but,while,yet,however,nevertheless,otherwise,despite,instead,onthecontrary,inspiteof,regardlessof,evenif/thoughItisnthot;onthecontrary,itscold.天并不热。正相反,它(天气)很冷。Thereislittlechancethatwewillsucceedinchangingthelaw.Nevertheless,itisimportantthatwetry.我们几乎没有可能改变法律。不过,重要的是我们努力争取。五、表解释说明或列举的过渡性词语forexample,forinstance,take.forexample,suchas,thatis,asfollows,考点清单栏目索引namely,inotherwords,andsoon,believeitornot,totellthetruth,tobehon-est,inthis/thatcase,inparticular,particularly,speciallyThereasonsareasfollows.理由如下。Theywillbeconcernedtodotherightthingtodressproperly,forinstance.他们需要注意行为是否恰当比如说,穿着得体。六、表因果关系的过渡性词语because,as,since,forthisreason,onaccountof,thanksto,forthesakeof,dueto,owingto,asaresult,thus,so,therefore,accordingly,consequently,asaconsequence(of)Shegaveupsmokingforthesakeofherhealth.为了身体健康,她戒了烟。Sheretiredearlyonaccountof/becauseof/owingto/asaresultofillhealth.她由于身体不好而提早退休。考点清单栏目索引七、表观点的过渡性词语inonesopinion/view,fromonespointofview,asfarassb.beconcerned,asfor.,personallyAsforus,wearefortunate.对我们来说,我们是幸运的。Personally,Ipreferthesecondoption.就我个人而言,我倾向第二种选择。八、表总结的过渡性词语inshort/brief/conclusion,inaword,tosumup,allinall,onthewhole,ingen-eralTosumup,therearethreemainwaysoftacklingtheproblem.概括起来说,这一问题主要有三种解决办法。Onthewhole,Iminfavouroftheidea.大体说来,我赞成这个想法。考点清单栏目索引九、表时间的过渡性词语开始atfirst,atthebeginningof,inthebeginning然后afterawhile,afterwards,andthen,later,afterthat,next,shortlyafter,thenextmoment最终atlast,atlength,finally,eventually,intheend同时atthesametime,inthemeantime,meanwhile过去atthattime,before,bythattime,earlier,formerly,inthepast现在atpresent,presently,rightnow,nowadays,uptonowAfterwards,wepicnickedontheriverbank.之后,我们在河岸上野餐。Eventuallyourflightleftfivehourslate.我们的班机最终晚了五个小时起飞。Myfirstnovelwasrejectedbysixpublishers.InthemeantimeIhadwrittenaplay.考点清单栏目索引我的第一部小说遭到六家出版商的拒绝。其间我又完成了一部戏剧。十、表空间的过渡性词语before,behind,below,beneath,between,beyond,nearby,under,above,over,ontheright/left,in(the)frontof,inthemiddleof,atthebackof,atthebottomof,oppositeto,nextto,ononeside,ontheotherside,atthefoot/endofThecorrectanswerscanbefoundatthebottomofpage8.正确答案在第8页末尾。Heenteredbythedooroppositetothatopeningintothegarden.他是从对着通向花园的那个口的门进来的。考点清单栏目索引第三节高级词汇增光第三节高级词汇增光考点清单考点清单写作中所谓的“高级词汇”指的是课程标准中有但课本中出现的频率不高而实际中经常用到,或课程标准中没有列入或没有识记要求,但在实际运用中却出现比较频繁的词汇(包括短语)。要让语言表达多样化,就要做到“人无我有,人有我优”。如果考生能恰当地运用此类词汇,在写作中定会给评卷老师留下深刻的印象,提高书面表达的得分。下面把写作中常用的高级词汇做一下简单总结,希望对同学们的写作有所裨益。考点清单栏目索引常见词汇意义高级词汇attend参加beinvolvedin;participateinbear忍受putupwithcause导致leadto;resultin;contributeto;giverisetoconsider考虑take.intoconsideration/accountfail失败meetwithfailurehelp帮助dosb.a/thefavor;lendsb.ahelpinghandhappen发生occur/comeabout1.动词类考点清单栏目索引have拥有possessimprove提高promotemaster掌握haveacommandofrealise意识到beawareremember记得bear/keepinm