2000-2013考研英语（一）真题及答案

2000年-2013 年考研英语（一）真题及答案完整版2013年考研英语(一)真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)People are,on the whole,poor at considering background information when making individual decisions.At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors.But Dr.Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability toconsider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with.4,he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crimemight be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six otherdefendants only to forced community service on that day.To 8 this idea,he turned to the university-admissions process.In theory,the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day,but Dr.Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11.He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers.The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five.This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration.The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicants score on the GraduateManagement Admission Test,or GMAT,a standardized exam which is 16 out of 800 points,to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr.Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that,then the score for the nextapplicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points.This might sound small,but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate could need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwisehave been 20.1.Agrants Bsubmits Ctransmits Ddelivers2.Aminor Bobjective Ccrucial D external3.Aissue Bvision Cpicture Dexternal4.A For example B On average Cln principle DAbove all5.Afond Bfearful Ccapable D thoughtless6.A in B on Cto D for7.A if B until C though D unless8.A promote B emphasize Cshare Dtest9.A decision B quality C status D success10.A chosen B studied C found D identified11.A exceptional B defensible C replaceable D otherwise12.A inspired B expressed C conducted D secured13.A assigned B rated C matched D arranged14.A put B got C gave D took15.A instead B then C ever D rather16.A selected B passed C marked D introduced17.A before B after C above D below18.A jump B float C drop D fluctuate19.A achieve B undo C maintain D disregard20.A promising B possible C necessary D helpfulSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada,Miranda Priestly,played by Meryl Streep,scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesnt affect her,Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistants sweater descended over the years fromfashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtlessfound her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldnt be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would be described in Overdressed,Elizabeth Clines three-year indictmentof“fast fashion”.In the last decade or so,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara,H&M,and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory,more frequent release,and more profit.These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two,although they don*t advertise that-and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices,Cline argues,thesebrands have hijacked fashion cycles,shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution,of course,are not limited to designers.For H&M to offer a$5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world,it must rely on low-wage overseas labor,order in volumes that strain natural resources,and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion worlds answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollarfs The Omnivores Dilemma.Mass-produced clothing,like fast food,fills a hunger and need,yet is non-durable and wasteful/*Cline argues.Americans,she finds,buy roughly 20 billion garments a year-about 64 items per person-and no matter how much they give away,this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed,Cline introduced her ideal,a Brooklyn woman namedSarah Kate Beaumont,who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes-and beautifully.But as Cline is the first to note,it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft;her example can*t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment-including