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1、1 温馨提示：此套题为 Word 版，请按住 Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭 Word 文档返回原板块。课后阅读训练课后阅读训练 十七十七 Module 5Period 1.阅读理解 A Chemical Change and Physical Change There are two kinds of changeschemical change and physical change.In a chemical change,there is always a new substance formed.Breaking up water into hydro
2、gen and oxygen is a chemical change.In each of the chemical change at least one new substance is formed.A change is not a chemical change if it doesnt form a new substance.Physical changes are very common,too.There are many examples.You can make a physical change by tearing a piece of paper into two
3、,or by cutting a piece of iron with lathe(车床).Here paper is still paper,and the iron is still iron.Another way of making physical change is dissolving something in water.When you dissolve salt in water,the salt disappears.You may think that a new substance has been formed.But really there is no new
4、substance.The salt is still salt.You can still taste it.So the dissolving of 2 anything is a physical change.When water freezes,the change is also a physical one.The water changes from liquid to solid,but it is still the same substance.That is why the freezing of anything is a physical change.【语篇概述】
5、文章向我们介绍了化学变化与物理变化的区别。1.In a physical change_is formed.A.a new substance B.nothing new C.a piece of paper D.a piece of iron【解析】选 B。推理判断题。从文章第三、四段我们可以看出物理变化没有新的物质生成。2.The dissolving of salt in water is_.A.a physical change B.a chemical change C.hydrogen and oxygen D.breaking up【解析】选 A。细节理解题。从文章第四段的陈述尤
6、其是最后一句 So the dissolving of anything is a physical change.可知,任何物质溶解的过程都是物理变化,故盐溶于水也属于物理变化。3.The change of the three states of water is_.A.a chemical change B.different substances C.a physical change D.the same state【解析】选 C。细节理解题。从文章最后一段得知水从液体变为固体或变为气体,并没有生成一种新的物质,仍是同一种物质,因此水的三种形态变化属于物理变化。3 4.We can
7、separate a chemical change from a physical one by_.A.the change of shape B.the change of color C.newly-produced smoke D.newly-formed substances【解析】选 D。推理判断题。由第二段可知在化学变化中应该有新物质产生,只要没有新物质产生就不是化学变化。由此得知:判断是化学变化还是物理变化的依据是看是否有新物质产生。【规律方法】推理判断题解题方法 1.抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。抓住某一段话中的关键信息,即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断,利用逆向思维或
8、正向推理,推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。文章第二段最后一句中说,“一个变化如果没有产生新的物质,就不能叫做化学变化”,所以可以推知,化学变化与物理变化的区别就在于是否产生了新的物质。2.整合全文(段)信息进行推断。在弄懂全文意思的基础上,整合与题目相关的有用信息,综合起来去推理判断,确定最佳结论。3.利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。文章语境的褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图,对逻辑推断很有帮助。4.根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。4 根据文章陈述的事实、论点、例证等进行推理,而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵,把握作者的写作思路,事件发展的经过、因果关系、对比
9、关系等。B Do you suppose Darwin,one of the greatest scientists of all time,really did foolish experiments?Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were foolish?Sometimes,people think they already know the answer to a question or the solution to a problem
10、.Sometimes,they really do know an answer or a solution,but without thinking they are important.Charles Darwin didnt settle for(满足于)just thinking he knew something.And,he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.Suppose you drop sheets of paper that are of exactly the s
11、ame size and shape.If you drop them at the same time in the same place,they will fall in the same way.Now make one of the sheets of paper into a tight little ball and let it drop along with the other sheets.What happens?You have done an experiment that is so simple that you might think it couldnt be
12、 worth anything.But this simple experiment is important.It explains part of our present-day understandings of physics,ideas that were worked out long ago by Galileo and Newton.And these understandings set aside some of 5 ancient Greek physics.Scientists sometimes stop to look at very simple things a
13、nd to think very hard about them.Even the simplest idea,which we might think is foolish,can shake the foundations(根基)of science.【语篇概述】本文是一篇哲理类阅读,从达尔文切入,告诉人们,科学家不仅像常人一样知道某些真理,他们还验证真理,不管这些真理有多简单。5.The passage tells us that Charles Darwin_.A.was a great English scientist B.always liked doing the experi
14、ments that others thought difficult C.thought even the simplest thing was important D.didnt get well with others【解析】选 C。细节理解题。根据 Charles Darwin didnt settle for just thinking he knew something.And,he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.可知,达尔文并不满足于知道某些事,因为他相信,任何事物都
15、很重要,不管它们看来有多简单,故选 C。6.The underlined phrase“set aside”in Para.5 most probably means_.A.throw away B.store up C.put to use D.realize【解析】选 A。词义猜测题。由上文可知作者认为做这个简单实验是6 重要的,它解释了目前人们对于物理方面的理解。因此这些理解当然是推翻了一些希腊古典物理学的观点。由此可推知 set aside 与 throw away 同义,故选 A。7.The author of the passage tries to_.A.convince(说服)
16、us that Charles Darwin,Galileo and Newton are the greatest scientists in the world B.draw the conclusion(结论)that basic sciences are simple things C.prove that two sheets of paper,with the same size and shape,will fall at the same speed D.draw our attention to everyday happenings around us【解析】选 D。主旨大意题。短文的最后一段点明最简单的事情都可能动摇科学的根基,意在告诉读者要留意身边的每一件事,哪怕它非常简单,故选 D。8.Which of the following is TRUE?A.Darwin really did foolish experiments.B.According to some people Darwin did foolish experiments.C.It is be
