《情态动词和虚拟语气(1)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《情态动词和虚拟语气(1)（11页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词考点连线：情 态 动词用法比较例句备注can 和could 表示水平或客观可能性，还能够表示请求和允许Can you finish this work tonight?一 Can I go now?一 Yes，you can.could 也可表示请求，是委婉的语气，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can，即 could 不能用于现在时态的简略答语中一 Could I come to see you tomorrow?一 Yes，you can.(否定答语可用 No，I m afraid not)。表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。(主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中
2、)Can this be true?“can(could)+have+过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。He cannot have been to that town.may 和might 表示请求、能够与允许的情况，might比 may 的语气更加委婉。may 的否定式为 may not，但表示“不能够、禁止”答意思时常用mustn t 代替 may not。一 May I take the book out of the reading-room?一Yes,you may.(No,you mustn t./No,you may not./No,you d bet
3、ter not.)“may/might+have+v-ed”结构表示对过去行为的推测，含有“想必、也许会”的意思。She maymight have missed the train.must和have to must 的否定式有两个：mustn t 表示“禁止”；needn t/don t have to 是一般疑问句的否定答复。一Must we hand in our exercise books today?一 No，you needn t.“must have done”意思是“过去一定做了”；其否定式“can t/mustn t have done”意思是“(过去)不可能做了”；而“
4、needn t have done”意思是“(过去)没必要做”。must 说话人的主观看法一般只表示现在询问对方的意愿表示理论上的论断和自然法则的必然性时，应用must。We must believe that only socialism can save China.have to 往往强调客观需要。have to 则有更多的时态形式need 表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must，have to，ought to 或 should 代替。Need I finish the work?Yes,you must 注 意：needn t have
5、 done 表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。dare 主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用肯定句中。How dare you say I m unfair?作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化。在肯定句中，后面通常接带to 的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，后面可接带 to 或不带 to 的不定式shall 常用于第一、第三人称。若用于其他人称时，则表示说话人给对方的“命令、警告、允诺或威胁”。shall 用于条约、规章、法令等文件中，表示义务或规定，一般用第三人称，意为“一定”。用于 if/when 引导的从句中，表示将来的可能性，语气较强，意为“将”。When I shall se
6、e him,I will give him your message.should 表示“惊异、赞叹、不满”等情绪主语从句中谓语动词要用“should动词原形”。should have done 意为“应该做而未做”；shouldn t have done 意为“不应该做而做了”。表示劝告、建议、命令。同义词 ought to will 和would 表示请求、建议等，would 比 will 委婉客气。表示意志、愿望和决心。will be 和 will have done 的结构均表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对当前情况的推测，后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。This wil
7、l be the book you want.The guests would have arrived by that time.would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would 表过去习惯时used to正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。ought to 表示应该表示推测ought to have done 表示过去应做某事而实际未做。（这 时ought to 和should 能够互换）used to 表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存有，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式。Did you use to go to the same
8、 school as your brother?Used you to go to the same school as your brother?She used to be very fat,didn t she?/use(d)n t she?had better 意为“最好”，后接不带to 的不定式would rather 意为“宁愿”，后接不带to 的不定式I would rather work on a farm than in a factory.would rather 表示选择，因而后可接than I would rather watch TV than go to see t
9、he film.【考点巧解】【例 1】Didn t they come to the party last week?Yes.They didn t want to come with us at first,but then we _ persuade them.A.would B.could C.were able to D.had to【易错点悟】解答该题的关键在于区别can 与 be able to 表示“水平”的用法。【要点精析】根据上下文语境及讲话人语气，选项动作表示经过努力才完成的。在这种语气的肯定句和疑问句中，常用be able to，在否定句中可用can。【答案】C【例 2】
10、You _ pay too much attention to your reading skill,as it is so important.（2007 北京四中交流卷）A.cantB.should C.must D.needn t【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是对“can t.too.”固定短语的理解。【要点精析】根据句子意义：无论怎么注意你的阅读技巧都不过度。同时句中因为有了too.to 结构，只有can t 能够与它构成固定短语，有此含义。其它选项无此意。【答案】A【例 3】-What do you think we can do for our aged parents?【2007 年
11、普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（重庆卷）】-You_do anything except to be with them and be yourself.A.dont have to B.oughtnt to C.mustnt D.cant【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是对have to 与 must 用法区别。【要点精析】根据句子意义：你只要和他们在一起什么都不必做。其它选项无此意。【答案】A【例 4】-My cat s really fat.-You _ have given her so much food.【2007 年普通高等学校招生（浙江卷）】A wouldnt Bcouldnt Csh
12、ouldnt Dmustnt【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是对couldnt 与 shouldnt 用法区别。【要点精析】根据句子意义：你本不该喂它这么多事物。【答案】C【例 5】Guess what!I have got A for my term paper.Great!You read widely and put a lot of work into it.【2007 年全国普通高等学校招生（上海卷）】Amust Bshould Cmust have Dshould have【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是根据上下文对推测时间的判断。【要点精析】根据句子意义：你过去一定读书很广泛。【答案】C【
13、精准预测】：1.I promised to get there before 5 oclock,but now the rain is pouring down.They _ for me impatiently.A.may wait B.ought to wait C.could wait D.must be waiting 2.He was very brave.Even though shed hurt her leg,she _ go back alone.A.could B.might C.have to D.was able to 3.You _ pay too much atte
14、ntion to your reading skill,as it is so important.A.cannot B.should C.must D.neednt4.I ve tried several times,but the car just _.A.doesnt start B.wouldn t start C.wont start D.didn t start 5.Always the old lady _ sit for hours doing nothing at all.A.was used to B.would C.used to D.should 6.There use
15、d to be a small school,_?A.was there B.wasnt it C.usednt there D.usednt it 7.Our house is on the top of the hill,so in summer the wind _ be pretty cold.A.must B.can C.ought to D.need 8.Havent I told you that you _ have the answer tomorrow morning?A.will B.shall C.should D.would 9.I m surprised that
16、he _ in the match.A.should fail B.should have failed C.would have failed D.may have failed 10.Better go to see my sick colleague right now,_I?A.hadntB.didn tC.dontD.wont11.Sir,you _ be hunting deer here,for they are preserved by the government.A.oughtn t to B.cantC.wontD.neednt12.Sorry I m late.I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.might B.should C.can D.will 13.There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.It _ a comfortable journey.A
