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1、2022年广西大学英语考试真题卷（本卷共分为1 大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总 分 100分，60分及格。）单 位：姓 名：考 号：题号单选题多项选择判断题综合题总分分值得分一、单项选择题(共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意)1.Which of t he follow ing is not a fact or t hat has cont r ibu t ed t o t he r ap idp op u I at i on gr ow t hA.Now,there are no wins and people live in a peaceful world.B
2、.More children can live to their adulthood and have their own children.C.People live longer now than in the past.D.People immunize many fatal diseases of which many people died.2.I Qu es t ions 8 t o 10 ar e bas ed on t he follow ing new s.At t he end oft he new s it em,y ou w i I I be giv en 10 s e
3、conds t o ans w er each q u es t ion.NowIis t en t o t he new s./ITher e ar e Ru s s ian(s)and Amer ican(s)on boar d.A.one,oneB.one,twoC.two,twoD.two,one3.I Bl TEXT A /BSince t he lat e 1970 s,in t he face of a s ev er e 10s s of mar ket s har ein doz ens of indu s t r ies,manu fact u r er s in t he
4、 Unit ed St at es hav e beent r y ing t o imp r ov e p r odu ct i v it y and t her efor e enhance t hei r int er nat ionaIcomp et it iv enes s t hr ou gh cos t-cu t t ig p r ogr ams.(Cos t-cu t t ing her e isdefining t he amou nt of labor cons t ant.)How ev er,fr om 1978 t hr ou gh 1982,p r odu ct i
5、v it y -t he v alu e of goods manu fact u r ed div ided by t he amou ntof labor inp u t -did not imp r ov e;and w hile t he r es u lt s w er e bet t er int he bu s ines s u p t u r n of t he t hr ee y ear s fol low ing,t hey r an 25 p er centlow er t han p r odu ct iv it y imp r ov ement s du r ing
6、ear I ier,p os t-1945 u p t u r ns.At t he s ame,it became clear t he har der manu fact u r es w or ked t o imp Iementcos t-cu t t ing,t he mor e t hey los t t hei r comp et it i v e edge.Wit h t his p ar adox in mind,I r ecent I y v is it ed 25 comp an i es;it becameclear t o me t hat t he cos t-cu
7、 t t ing ap p r oach t o incr eas ing p r odu ct iv it yis fu ndament a I I y flaw ed.Manu fact u r ing r egu lar ly obs er v es a”40,40,20nr u le.Rou gh Iy 40 p er cent of any manu fact u r ing-bas ed comp et i t i v eadv ant age der iv es fr om long-t er m changes in manu fact u r ing s t r u ct u
8、 r e(decis ions abou t t he nu mber,s iz e,Iocat ion,and cap acit y of faci I it ies)and in ap p r oaches t o mat er ials.Anot her 40 p er cent comes fr om majorchanges in eq u ip ment and p r oces s t echnology.The final 20 p er cent r es t son imp Iement ing conv ent ionaI eas t-cu t t ing.This r
9、u le does not be t r ied.The w e 11-know n t ools of t his ap p r oach-inclu ding s i mp I i f y i ng jobs andr et r aining emp Ioy ees t o w or k s mar t er,not har der -do p r odu ce r es u lt s.Bu t t he t ools q u ickly r each t he Iimit s of w hat t hey can cont r ibu t e.Anot her p r oblem is
10、t hat t he cos t-cu t t ing ap p r oach hinder s innov at ionand dis cou r ages cr eat iv e p eop Ie.As Aber nat hyf s s t u dy of au t omobiIemanu fact u r er s has s how n,an indu s t r y can eas ily become p r is oner of it sow n inv es t ment in cas t-cu t t ing t echniq u es,r edu cing it s abi
11、lit y t odev eI op new p r odu ct s.And manager s u nder p r es s u r e t o maximiz ecos t-cu t t ing w i I I r es is t innov at ion becau s e t hey know t hat mor efu ndament a I changes in p r oces s es or s y s t ems w i11 w r eak hav oc w it h t heresults on which they are measured.Production ma
12、nagers have a I ways seenthei r job as one of minimizing costs and maximizing output.Thisdimension of performance has untiI recently sufficed as a basis ofevaIuation,but it has created a penny-pinching,mechanistic culture inmost factories that has kept away creative managers.Every company I know tha
13、t has freed its e lf from the paradox has doneso,in part,by developing and impIementing a manufacturing strategy.Such a strategy factur i ng and imp I ement i ng a manufactur i ng strategy.Sucha strategy focuses on the manufacturing structure and on equipment andprocess technology.In one company a m
14、amuf actur i ng strategy that a I I oweddifferent areas of the factory to spec i a Ii ze in different marketsreplaced the conventionaI cast-cutting approach;w ithin three years thecompany rega i ned its compet i t i ve advantage.Together with suchstrategies,successfuI companies are.also encouraging
15、managers tofocus on a wider set of objectives besides cutting costs.There is hopefor manufacturing,but it clearly rests on a different way of managing.The author1 s attitude toward the culture in most factories is bestdescribed as.A.cautiousB.criticalC.disinterestedD.respectful4.B TEXT C(/BA bI ind
16、baby is doubIy handicapped.Not only is it unable to see,butbecause it cannot receive the visual stimulus from its envi ronment thata s i ghted child does,it is I i ke I y to be s I ow in i nte I I ectua I deve I opmen t.Now the ten-month old son of Dr.and Mrs.Dennis Daughters is the subjectof an unusual psychological experiment designed to prevent a lag in thelearning process.With the aid of a sonar-type electronic that he wearson his head,infant Dennis is learning to identify the peopIe and obj
