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1、汽车专业英语读译教程（第3版）TEXT A课后练习题（EXERCISES）参考答案UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICSTEXT A The Basic Components of an Automobile.Answer the following questions: 1. There are two types of engine. What are they? There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compr
2、ession-ignition engine). 2. What are the functions of the lubrication system?The lubrication system has four functions:It cuts down friction by coating moving parts with oil.It produces a seal between the piston rings and the cylinder walls.It carries away sludge, dirt, and acids.It cools the engine
3、 by circulating the motor oil.3. What are the components of the power train system?The power train system comprises clutch, transmission, propeller shaft, rear axle and differential and the driving road wheels.4. What are the three main functions of the braking system?The braking system on a vehicle
4、 has three main functions. It must be able to reduce the speed of the vehicle, when necessary; it must be able to stop the car in as short a distance as possible; it must be able to hold the vehicle stationary. Translate the following terms into Chinese: 1. sedan 轿车2. convertible 活顶汽车3. pick-up 皮卡（轻
5、卡）4. commercial vehicle 商用汽车5. bus 公共汽车6. coach 长途客车UNIT 2 ENGINE MECHANICALTEXT A Operation, Main Components and Classification of the Engine.Answer the following questions:1. What are the four strokes in a four-stroke cycle engine?Intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes。2. Using cylinder a
6、rrangement, there are three most popular engines in use today. What are they?Inline engines, V-type engine , horizontal opposed engine3. What are the advantages of a hydraulic lifter? Hydraulic lifters are self-adjusting, operate with no lifter-to-rocker arm clearance, and are quiet in operation.4.
7、What are the advantages of a V-type engine?The V-type engine has several advantages: short length, extra block rigidity, a short, heavy crankshaft, and low profile that is conducive to low hood lines. The shorter block permits a reduction in vehicle length with no sacrifice in passenger room. Choose
8、 the best answer for each of the followings: 1. Crankshafts are usually made of _a_.a. cast ironb. stainless steelc. copper alloyd. aluminum2. Connecting rods are usually made of _c_.a. cast ironb. stainless steelc. alloy steeld. copper3. Pistons are usually made of _d_.a. cast ironb. stainless stee
9、lc. alloy steeld. aluminum4. In addition to supporting the crankshaft, one of the main bearings must control the _b_ movement.a. up and downb. forward and backwardc. left and rightd. transverse UNIT 3 FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS（1）TEXT A Electronic Fuel Injection. Answer the following questions:1. What a
10、re the two kinds of electronic gasoline injection systems?In the electronic injection system, the air-fuel mixture is controlled in one of two ways. The injector may be opened and closed by electrical signals. This is a pulse fuel injection system. In the other type of system, the injector is forced
11、 open by fuel pressure. Fuel pressure is controlled by an electronic control device, or by an airflow metering valve, depending on the system. This is the continuous fuel injection system.2. What are the advantages of the multi-port injection systems?Multi-port systems offer the following advantages
12、: greater power by avoiding venturi losses as in a carburetor, and by allowing the use of tuned intake runners for better torque characteristics improved driveability by reducing the throttle-change lag which occurs while the fuel travels from the throttle body to the intake ports 2 increased fuel e
13、conomy by avoiding condensation of fuel on interior walls of the intake manifold (manifold wetting) simplified turbocharger applications; the turbocharger compressor need only handle air.3. What are the three basic parts of the typical pulse fuel injection system?The typical pulse system can be brok
14、en into three basic parts:Air induction system.Fuel delivery system.Electronic control system(including engine control computer and electronic sensors).Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese: 1. The pulsed systems are sometimes referred to as Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI), and these are t
15、he systems that most people think of when you say fuel injection. There are several Bosch variations of pulsed systems, but their basic functions are the same.间歇式燃油喷射系统有时被称为“电子燃料喷射”(EFI)，这是大多数人在你说“燃料喷射”时想到的系统。博世的间歇式燃油喷射系统有几种，但它们的基本功能是相同的。 2. In all of the pulsed systems, incoming air is measured by a sensor which puts out an electronic signal proportional to air flow. An electronic control unit (ECU), responding to the signals from the air-flow sensor and other sensors, meters fuel to the engine by way of electrically-operated solenoid valve
