2012年考研英语一真题及答案Part AText 1Come on-Everybodys doing it.That whispered message,half invitation and half forcing,is what most of us think of when we hear the wordspeer pressure.It usually leads to no good-drinking,drugs and casual sex.But in her new book Join the Club,Tina Rosenberg contends that peerpressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure,in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics tohelp individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg,the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize,offers a host of example of the social cure in action:In South Carolina,a state-sponsoredantismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool.In South Africa,an HIV-prevention initiative known asLoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising,and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer.Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on:they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits,and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.Dare to be different,please dont smoke!”pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among tccnagcrs-tccnagcrs,who desire nothing more than fitting in.Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers,so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general cfibctivencss of the social cure,Rosenberg is less persuasive.Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and notenough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful.The most glaring flaw of the social cure as itspresented here is that it doesnt work very well for very long.Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut.Evidence that the LoveLifeprogram produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.Theres no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior.An emerging body of research shows that positive healthhabits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication.This is a subtle form of peer pressure:weunconsciously imitate the behavior we sec every day.Far less certain,however,is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions.Its like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates.The tactic never really works.And thats the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside:in the real world,as in school,we insist on choosing our own friends.21.According to the first paragraph,peer pressure often emerges asA a supplement to the social cureB a stimulus to group dynamicsC an obstacle to school progressD a cause of undesirable behaviors22.Rosenberg holds that public advocates shouldA recruit professional advertisersB learn from advertisers,experienceC stay away from commercial advertisersD recognize the limitations of advertisements23.In the authors view,Rosenbergs book fails toA adequately probe social and biological factorsB effectively evade the flaws of the social cureC illustrate the functions of state RindingDproduce a long-lasting social effect24.Paragraph 5shows that our imitation of behaviorsA is harmful to our networks of friendsB will mislead behavioral studiesC occurs without our realizing itD can produce negative health habits25.The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure isA harmfulB desirableC profoundD questionableText 2A deal is a deal-except,apparently,when Entergy is involved.The company,a major energy supplier in New England,provoked justifiedoutrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.Instead,the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not challenge the constitutionality of Vermonts rules in the federalcourt,as part of a desperate eflbrt to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.It a stunning move.The conflict has been surfacing since 2002,when the corporation bought Vermonts only nuclear power plant,an aging reactor in Vernon.As acondition of receiving state approval fbr the sale,the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate past 2012.In 2006,thestate went a step further,requiring that any extension of the plants license be subject to Vennont legislatures approval.Then,too,the companywent along.Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments,or it simply didnt foresee what would happen next.A string of accidents,including the partial collapse of a cooling tower in 207 and the discovery of an underground pipe system leakage,raised serious questions aboutboth Vermont Yankees safety and Entergys management-especially after the company made misleading statements about the pipe.Enraged byEntergys behavior,the Vennont Senate voted 26 to 4 last year against a。