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1、 目录2011年上海对外经贸大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2012年上海对外经贸大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2013年上海对外经贸大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2014年上海对外经贸大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）2015年上海对外经贸大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版） 2017年上海对外经贸大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版） 2011年上海对外经贸大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解一、将下列短语译成汉语(30 points)1EC【答案】电子商务（Electronic Commerce）2Combined transport【答案】联合运输3Opti
2、cal fiber communication【答案】光纤通信4Confucianism【答案】儒家5Force majeure【答案】不可抗力6Individually-owned enterprise【答案】个体户7To beg off【答案】借故推辞；请求免除责任8Parent company【答案】母公司9Independent foreign policy of peace【答案】独立自主的和平外交政策 10Asset management【答案】资产管理11Legal person shares【答案】法人股12Standard Chartered Bank【答案】渣打银行13IP
3、O【答案】首次公开募股14Non-performing loan【答案】不良贷款15ECSC【答案】欧洲煤钢联营二、将下列短语译成英语 (30 points)1学士学位【答案】bachelors degree2专门从事【答案】be specialized in3益损【答案】profit and loss4社会保障体系 【答案】Social Security System5可再生资源【答案】renewable resources6自由贸易区【答案】free trade area7小康社会【答案】a well-off society8万有引力定律【答案】Law of Gravity9一份工资较低的
4、工作【答案】a low paid job10生态系统【答案】ecosystem11人口过度增长【答案】excessive population growth12民工【答案】migrant worker13自有品牌产品【答案】products of the private label/own brand14社会稳定 【答案】social stability15酸雨【答案】acid rain三、将下列短文译成汉语 (45 points)The Literature of Knowledge and the Literature of PowerWhat is it that we mean by
5、literature? Popularly, and amongst thethoughtless, it is held to include everything that is printed in a book. Littlelogic is required to disturb that definition. The most thoughtless person iseasily made aware that in the idea of literature one essential element is somerelation to a general and com
6、mon interest of manso that what applies onlyto a local, or professional, or merely personal interest, even though presentingitself in the shape of a book, will not belong to Literature. So far thedefinition is easily narrowed; and it is as easily expanded. For not only ismuch that takes a station in
7、 books not literature; but inversely, much thatreally is literature never reaches a station in books. The weekly sermons ofChristendom, that vast pulpit literature which acts so extensively upon thepopular mindto warn, to uphold, to renew, to comfort, to alarmdoes notattain the sanctuary of librarie
8、s in the ten-thousandth part of its extent. TheDrama againas, for instance, the finest of Shakespeares plays in England,and all leading Athenian plays in the noontide of the Attic stageoperated asa literature on the public mind, and were (according to the strictest letter ofthat term) published thro
9、ugh the audiences that witnessed their representationsome time before they were published as things to be read; and they werepublished in this scenical mode of publication with much more effect thanthey could have had as books during ages of costly copying or of costlyprinting.【参考译文】文学的知识性与文学的力量我们用文
10、学指的是什么？一般地不经思考的人认为包括印在书里的一切。勿需逻辑去驳倒那定义，最不善去思考的人也很容易会明白从文学 观点上讲，基本要素之一是与广泛而普遍的人类情趣的某种关系。所以适用于地方性的，专业性的或者仅是个人兴趣的，尽管以书的形式呈现出来，也不属于文学范畴。从范围来讲，文学定义容易被局限，同样也容易被延伸。因为不仅多数在书中占一位置的并不是文学。相反多数真正的文学从来没有达到在书中有一位置。基督教每周布道，众多讲道坛文学广泛作用于信众头脑警告、培养、更新、抚慰、警醒也没有在千分之十的范围内获得图书馆式的礼拜堂。戏剧又作为一种文学作用于公众头脑，比如莎士比亚剧本的经典，雅典全盛时期所有主流
11、的雅典戏剧，它们在被作为阅读的东西出版之前一段时间通过观众传播并见证了它们的存在，并且远比复印、打印昂贵的时代作为书被出版影响要大得多。四、将下列短文译成英语 (45 points)做一个更好的倾听者我坚信做一个好的倾听者是相当重要的。尽管比起10年前，我已成为一个不错的倾听者，但我还得承认我不过是个仅仅够格的倾听者。真正的倾听不仅仅是改掉在人家说话时或快要说完时打断人家的不良习惯，真正的倾听应该是乐于倾听对方的全部思想，而不是不耐烦地等待你应答的机会。从某些意义上说，我们不善于倾听，就反映了我们的生活方式。我们经常视交流为一种接力赛，好像我们的努力方向便是在我们的交谈对象说完他的话和我们张口
12、说话之间不留时间。我夫人和我最近在一家咖啡馆吃午饭时，偷听周围人的交谈。我们的感觉是似乎没有人真正在听对方说话；相反他们在轮流不听对方说话。我问我夫人是否我也是这样。她微微一笑说，“只是有时。”放慢你应答的节奏去做更好的倾听者，能够帮助你成为一个更为心平气和的人，能够帮助你摆脱压力。如果你好好想一想，你便能悟出：坐在椅边竭力去猜测你面前的人(或电话线那端的人)将要说什么，你好噼里啪啦地回应一番话，要花费你很大的精力，也是很令人紧张的事。但是你边等与之交流的人把话说完，边专注于对方所说的内容，你就会发现压力没有了。【参考译文】Become a Better Listener I strongly
13、 believe that it is rather important to be a good listener. Andalthough I have become a better listener than I was ten years ago, I have toadmit Im still only an adequate listener.Effective listening is more than simply avoiding the bad habit of interruptingothers while they are speaking or finishin
14、g their sentences. Its being contentto listen to the entire thought of someone rather than waiting impatiently foryour chance to respond. In some ways, the way we fail to listen is symbolicof the way we live. We often treat communication as if it were a race. Itsalmost like our goal is to have no ti
15、me gaps between the conclusion of thesentence of the person we are speaking with and the beginning of our own.My wife and I were recently at a cafe having lunch, eavesdropping on theconversations around us. It seemed that no one was really listening to oneanother, instead they were taking turns not listening to one another. I askedmy wife if I still did the same thing. With a smile on her face she said, “Onlyso
