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1、 目录2013年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2014年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2015年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解 2013年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminologyinto their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in thispart of the test, 15
2、 in English and 15 in Chinese. (30 points)1NATO【答案】北大西洋公约组织2CPU【答案】中央处理器3ISS【答案】工业标准规格4FAO【答案】联合国粮食与农业组织5ERP【答案】企业资源计划6East Asia Community【答案】东亚共同体7Apple of ones eye【答案】掌上明珠8Sherlock Holmes【答案】夏洛克福尔摩斯9Enclosure Movement 【答案】圈地运动10Arabian Nights【答案】天方夜谭11Point Guard【答案】控球后卫12Demilitarized Zone【答案】非军事
3、区13Chauvinism【答案】沙文主义14United Nations Environment Programme【答案】联合国环境规划署15National Aeronautics and Space Administration【答案】美国国家航空航天局16常务委员会【答案】standing committee17副教授【答案】associate professor18白皮书【答案】white paper19十二五计划 【答案】the12th Five-Year Plan20平等互利原则【答案】the principle of equality and mutual benefit21
4、科教兴国【答案】develop the country through science and education22凝聚力【答案】cohesion23不可抗力【答案】force majeure24联合国安理会【答案】United Nation Security Council25外汇储备【答案】foreign exchange reserve26支柱产业【答案】pillar industry27个税起征点【答案】the minimum threshold for personal income tax28燃油附加费【答案】Bunker Adjustment Factor29市场占有率 【答案
5、】market share30留得青山在，不怕没柴烧【答案】Where there is life, there is hope.II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their targetlanguage respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language isChinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120poi
6、nts)Source Text 1:Once a circle missed a wedge. The circle wanted to be whole, so it wentaround looking for its missing piece. But because it was incomplete andtherefore could roll only very slowly, it admired the flowers along the way. Itchatted with worms. It enjoyed the sunshine. It found lots of
7、 different pieces,but none of them fit. Then only one day the circle found a piece that fitperfectly, it was so happy.Now it could be whole, with nothing missing. It incorporated the missingpiece into itself and began to roll. Now that it was a perfect circle, it couldroll very fast, too fast to not
8、ice the flowers or talking to the worms. When itrealized how different the world seemed when it rolled so quickly, it stopped;left its found piece by the side of the road and rolled slowly away.The lesson of the story, I suggested, was that in some strange sense we aremore whole when we are missing
9、something. There is a wholeness about theperson who has come to terms with his limitations, who has been braveenough to let go of his unrealistic dreams and not feel like a failure for doingso.Life is not a trap set for us by God so that he can condemn us for failing. Lifeis not a spelling bee, wher
10、e no matter how many words youve gotten right,youre disqualified if you make one mistake. Life is more like a baseballseason, where even the best team loses one-third of its games and even theworst team has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than welose. When we accept that imperf
11、ection is part of being human, and when we cancontinue rolling through life and appreciate it, we will have achieved awholeness. That, I believe, is what God asks of us“Be whole”.If we are brave enough to love, strong enough to forgive, generous enough torejoice in anothers happiness, and wise enoug
12、h to know there is enough loveto go around for us all, then we can achieve a fulfillment that no other livingcreature will ever know.【参考译文】从前，一只圆圈缺了一块楔子。它想保持完整，便四处寻找那块楔子。由于不完整，所以它只能慢慢地滚动。一路上，它对花儿露出羡慕之色；它与蠕虫谈天侃地；它还欣赏到了阳光之美。圆圈找到了许多不同的楔子，但没有一件与它相配。终于有一天，它找到了一个完美的配件。圆圈是那样的高兴。现在它可以说是完美无缺了。它装好配件，并开始滚动起来。现
13、在它已成了一个完美的圆圈，所以滚动得非常快，以至于难以观赏花儿，也无暇与蠕虫倾诉心声。当圆圈意识到因快奔疾驰而失去了原有的世界时，它不禁停了下来，将找到的配件弃置路旁，又开始慢慢地滚动。我觉得这个故事告诉我们，在某种意义上，当我们有所缺陷，才是完整的人生。人生的完整性在于知道如何面对缺陷，如何勇敢地摒弃不现实的幻想而又不以此为缺憾。人生不是上帝为谴责我们的缺陷而给我们布下的陷阱。人生也不是一场拼字游戏比赛，不管你拼出多少单词，一旦出现了一个错误，你便前功尽弃。人生更像是一个棒球赛季，即使最好的球队也会输掉1/3的比赛，而最差的球队也有春风得意的日子。我们的目标就是多赢球，少输球。当我们接受不完
14、整性是人类本性的一部分，当我们不断地进行人生滚动并能欣赏其价值时，我们就会获得完整人生。我相信这就是上帝对我们的要求：人生的“完整”。如果我们能够勇敢地去爱，坚强地去宽容，大度地去为别人的快乐而高兴，明智地理解身边充满爱，那么我们就能取得别的生物所不能取得的 成就。Source Text 2:我们制定了国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，对2006到2020年的科技发展作出全面部署，启动一批重大专项。这对增强自主创新能力，推进创新型国家建设，有着重要而深远的影响。基础科学和前沿技术研究得到加强，形成了一批具有自主知识产权和市场竞争力的产品。五年中央财政用于科技的投入达到3406亿元。全社会研究与
15、实验发展经费，从2002年1288亿元增加到2007年的3664亿元，占国内生产总值的比重从1.07%提高到l.49%。以企业为主体的技术创新体系建设取得重要进展。科技创新支撑和引领经济社会发展的能力明显增强。我们制定和实施一系列产业政策和专项规划，促进产业结构的优化升级。信息、生物、航空航天、新能源、新材料、海洋等高新技术产业加快发展。振兴装备制造业的成效显著。旅游、金融、物流等现代服务业蓬勃发展。基础设施基础产业建设取得长足进展，一批重大的工程相继建成或者顺利推进。【参考译文】We formulated the Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development, which containscomprehensive plans for the development of science and t
