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1、-一1）现在完成时通常表示过去发生或已经完成的*一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。说话人强调该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 Im sure weve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。2）表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for, since,yet等。如：I havent heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 3） have been to 和have gone to的区别二英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用
2、中应注意两者的区别。1. 持续性动词: 表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。常见的study, play, do, read, learn, speak, talk, , sit, stand, keep等。2. 瞬间性动词: 表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。常见的-begin, start, finish, go, e, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, bee, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew
3、, die,等3. 瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常用意思相当的持续性动词来替换He has been in the army/a soldier for three years. （他参军已有3年了。）不用has joined She has been up for quite some time. （她起床已有好久了。）不用has got up Has your brother been away from home for a long time （离家已有好久了吗？）不用has left 常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系：1、gobe away 2、ebe he
4、re 3、e backbe back 4、leavebe away（be not here） 5、buyhave 6、borrowkeep 7、diebe dead 8、beginbe on 9、finishbe over 10、openbe open 11、closebe closed 12、losebe lost 13、get to knowknow 14、turn onbe on 15、get upbe up 16、sit downsit/beseated 17、joinbe in（）或be amember 18、beebe4. 瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用例如：I h
5、avent seen you for a long time.（好久没见到你了。）区别下面三组词Have been to 表示去过*地方，不过现在已经回来Have gone to 表示去了，还未回来Have been in 表示一直在*个地方五现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；而一般过去时表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。I have just been to London. I went there last month. 我刚去过伦敦，是上个月去的。1. 过去时表示过去*时发生的
6、动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。2. 过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 现在完成时的练习（一）一、 单项选择1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _whats happened to him . knew . have known . must know . will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai, has he. already . never . ever . still3、Have you me
7、t Mr. Li _？. just . ago .before .a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written5、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be even _. has changed ; well . changed; good. has changed ; better . changed; better6、Zhao Lan _already
8、 _in this school for two years . was; studying . will; study. has; studied . are; studying7、We _ *iao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、These farmers have been to the United States R
9、eally When _ there. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet Yes. I _ it a moment ago. Did; do; finished . Have; done; finished. Have; done; have finished . will; do; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in D. has been in
10、12、Do you know him well Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have bee . have mad 113、How long have you _ here About two months. been . gone . e . Arrived14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes. has begun . had begun. has been on . Began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army
11、 . is . has . will . Was16、 Miss Green isnt in the office. she _ to the library. has gone . went .will go . has been17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years. have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom,A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent t
12、hey19has Mr White been a member of Greener China since heto ChinaA. How soon, es B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has e here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university二、 句型转换。1、He has never surfed, （改成反意疑问句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) have they been here3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao _ _
