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1、中考英语专题复习十八套（考点直击、名师点睛、实例解析和中考演练及答案）一：名词考点讲解和训练【考点直击】1.可数名词和不可数名词的用法；2.名词所有格的构成及用法；3.近义名词的辨析。【名师点睛】一、名词的数1.单数和复数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾”-s“构成，其主要变法如下：(l)一般情况在词尾加s,例如：book-books,girl一girls,boy-+boys, pen-+pens,doctor-+doctors, boy-+boys。(2) 以s,x, ch, sh,结尾的词加es,例如：bus-buses,class- classes, box
2、-boxes, watch- watches, brush-brushes。(3)以ce,se, ze, ( ct) ge结尾的名词加s,例如：orangeoranges。(4)以辅音母加y结尾的词变y”为l“再加-es，例如：city一cities,factory-factories, country-countries, family-fam山es。但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加S,如：boy-+boys,day一days。(5)以o结尾的词多数都加es。例如：hero-+heroes,potato-+potatoes, tomato-tomatoes, 但词末为两个元
3、音字母的词只加s。例如：zoo-+zoos,radio-radios,还有某些外来词也只加s，例如：photo一photos,piano-pianos。(6) 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-es,例如：knife一kJ1ives,leaf-leaves, half一halves。复数词尾s（或es)的读音方法如下表所示。复数词尾s（或es)的读音方法悄况读法在ptkf等清辅音后s cups, hats, cakes 例词在szt屯F等音后iz glasses, pages, oranges, buses, watches,faces 怕bd卢v等浊辅音后z beds, dogs, ci
4、ties,k.i1ives (7)少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man-+men,woman-+women, tooth-+teeth, foot-+feet, child-+children, mouse-+mice。【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是men和women。例如：anEnglishman, two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans;man, woman 等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：menworkers, women teachers。有个别名词单复数一样，例如：Chinese,Jap
5、anese, sheep, deer, fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时，可以加复数词尾。(8)单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people,police等。(9)数词名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式，中间加连字符。例如：ten-minuteswalk, an 8-year-old girl, a ten-mile walk。(10)还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers,clothes, chopsticks, glasses, goods, ashes, scissors, compasses。(ll)只用作单数的复数形式的名词有：科学名词：physics,mathem
6、atics/maths 游戏名称：bowls专有名词：theUnited States, Niagara Falls 其他名词：news,falls 2.不可数名词“量”的表示方法在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“呈的概念，可以用以下两种方法：(I)用much,a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，例如：The rich man has a lot of money. There is some milk in the bottle. Is there any water in the glass? I dont like winter becau
7、se theres too much snow and ice. (2)用apiece of这类定语，例如：a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of bread a bottle of orange a glass of water (milk) a cup of tea a cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice 如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：two cups of tea four pieces of paper three glasses of water 不
8、可数名词也可用alot of, lots of, some, any, much等来修饰。、名词的所有格名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。1表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加s，其复数形式是s，例如：astudents room, students rooms, fathers shoes。2如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加S,如：ChildrensDay。3在表示时间、距离、长度、重蜇、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用S,例如：atwenty minuteswalk, ten milesjourney, a boats length, two poundsweight, te
9、n dollarsworth。4.无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，例如：amap of China, the end of this tern, the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。5.双重所有格，例如：afriend of my fathers。【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有S,则表示“分别有“，例如：Johnsand Marys rooms （约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）;Toms and Marys bikes（两人各自的自行车）。两个名词并列，只有一个S,则表示“共有“，例如：Johnand Marys r
10、oom（约翰和玛丽共有一间）;Tom and Marys mother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。【实例解析】I.These have saved many childrens lives. A. woman doctors C. women doctors B. women doctor D. woman doctor 答案：C。该题考查的是名词作定语时的变化。woman作定语时要和被修饰的名词保待数的一致。2.This is bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Anne and Jane B. Annes and Janes C
11、. Am汜sandJane D. Anne and Janes 答案：D。该题考查的是并列名词的所有格。两人共有一个房间时，只在后面的名词后加s。3.-Are there any_ on the fam付-Yes, there are some. A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep 答案：D。该题考查的是特殊名词的复数形式。从诮语动词来判断，主语应该是复数名词。只有sheep可用作复数名词。4.-What would you like to drink or orange? -Orange, please. A. hamburger B. chip C.
12、tea 答案：C。该题考查的是名词的类别。三种东西中只有tea能喝。【中考演练】一单项填空l . - Where have you been, Tim? - Ive been to A. the Henry house B. the Henry family C. The Henrys home D. Henrys 2. In England, ifis in the middle of the day, the evening meal is called supper. A. food B. lunch C. breakfast D. dinner 3. You looked for it
13、 twice, but you havent found it. Why not try_. A. three times B. a third time C. the third time D. once 4. - They are thirsty. Will you please give them _? - Certainly. A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of water C. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters 5. Mike hurt one of his in the
14、accident yesterday. A. tooth B. feet C. hand D. ear 6 . There is some_ on the plate. A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears 7. In England, the last name is the _. A. family name B. middle C. given name D. full name 8. The are going to fly _ to Beijing. A. Germen B. Germany C. Germanys D. Germans 9. The
15、 has two A. boys; watches B. boy; watch C. boy; watches D. boys; watch 10. The little baby has two_ already. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 11. Whats your for being late again? A. idea B. key C. excuse D. news 12. -Its dangerous here. Wed better go out quickly. - But I think we should let_ go
16、 out fu-st. A. woman and children B. women and child C. woman and child D. women and children 13. - You can see Mr. Smith if there is a sign _ on the door of his shop. -Thanks. A.ENTRANCE B.BUSINESS HOURS C.THIS SIDE UP D.NO SMOKING 14. Are they going to have a picnic on_ ? A. Childrens Day B. Childrenss Day C. Childrens Day D. Children Day I 5. Where are the students? Are they in _ ? A. the Room 406 B. Room 406 C. the 406 Room D. 406 Room 二根据下列句子的情烘及所给汉语注释，写出所缺单词。l. Weve got a lot of new （杂志）in
