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1、本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑测量坐标转换系统的设计与实现（毕业） 装 订 线 毕业设计（论文）报告纸 摘 要 随着空间定位技术的不断进展，全球一体化的形成，越来越要求全球测绘资料的统一，研究各种测量坐标系统的建立方法及其相互转换模型，对于实现不同测量坐标系成果的换算具有重要的意义。测量坐标转换包含测量坐标系转换和测量坐标基准转换两个方面的内容。测量坐标系转换是指在同一参考椭球下，空间点的不同坐标形式间的坐标转换，即平面坐标、大地坐标和空间直角坐标之间的转换。测量坐标基准转换是指不同基准(亦即不同坐标系统)下测量坐标之间的转换，其关键在于确定坐标转换参数。根据不同的测绘需求，经常需要将不
2、同形式的坐标举行相互转换，在这些坐标转换的过程中既会运用到同一基准下的坐标转换模型，又会用到不同基准下的坐标转换模型。 本文从地球椭球的几何外形和数学描述等根基理论启程，对测量坐标系统举行分类，介绍了我国常用的坐标系北京54坐标系、西安80坐标系、WGS-84坐标系和2000中国大地坐标系。通过对国内外测量坐标转换模型成果的理论分析，总结了各种测量坐标转换算法，并探讨了转换参数的求解方法。重点设计并实现了测量坐标转换系统。该坐标转换系统根据目前我国常用测量坐标转换的需求以及当前主流的坐标转换方法和数学模型，利用C#语言编写了测量坐标转换系统的程序，较好地实现了同一参考椭球下和不同参考椭球之间不
3、同坐标形式的相互转换，即高斯平面直角坐标、大地坐标与空间直角坐标之间的相互转换，以及高斯投影正反算和坐标换带计算等一系列转换功能。该系统界面友好、操作便当，兼顾了生动性和批量计算的特点，且计算结果能得志确定的精度要求。 关键词:地球椭球体，测量坐标系，坐标转换模型，测量坐标转换系统 I 装 订 线 毕业设计（论文）报告纸 ABSTRACT With the continuous development of space orientation and the formation of globalization，the unity of global surveying and mapping
4、 data is in demand much more.Studying the establishment of surveying coordinate systems and the models of transformation between different systems has significant meaning to the realization of transformation between results under different datums.The transformation of surveying coordinates contains
5、the transformation of coordinate system and coordinate datum.The transformation of coordinate system means transforming the coordinates under different datums or different coordinate systems to another.The key lies in the arguments of coordinate transformation.According to different demand,often we
6、should make convertion between coordinates of different forms.During this course,the convertion models under the same datum or different datums are both needed. In this paper，we classify the whole coordinate system from the basic theories，such as the geometry and mathematical description of Earth el
7、lipsoid，and then make some introduction of the coordinate system commonly used in China，for example,Beijing 54 coordinate system，Xian 80 coordinate system，WGS-84 coordinate system and the 2000 China geodetic Coordinate system.At last，we summarizes the various coordinate transformation，and make some
8、discussions of the methods for solving the transformation parameters，through the theoretical analysis of the results in coordinate transformation model both at home and abroad.This paper puts emphasis on designing and realizing the measurement coordinate conversion system. This system, according to
9、the current demand of measurement coordinates transformation in China and current main stream coordinate transformation methods and mathematical models, uses the C# language to program to realize measurement coordinate system transformation.And it well achieves the mutual coordinate transfomation am
10、ong different coordinate forms both in the same and different reference ellipsoid such as the transformation among the Gaussian plane rectangular coordinates, the Geodetic coordinates, and the spatial rectangular coordinates. It also can realize the positive and negative Gauss projection counting an
11、d conversion of coordinates in different areas.The system is user friendly, easy to operate and take characteristics of both flexibility and volume calculation into account. Furthermore, the calculation results can meet certain accuracy requirements. KEY WORDS:earth ellipsoid,surveying coordinate sy
12、stem,coordinate transforming model, surveying coordinate transforming system II 装 订 线 毕业设计（论文）报告纸 目次 第一章 绪论 . 1 其次章 测量坐标系根基理论 . 3 2.1 地球椭球体及其定位与定向 . 3 2.1.1 地球椭球体的类型 . 3 2.1.2 地球椭球的参数 . 3 2.1.3 地球椭球体的定位和定向 . 5 2.2 测量坐标系统 . 8 2.2.1 概述 . 8 2.2.2 测量坐标系统的分类及相互关系 . 9 2.2.3 参考系与参考框架 . 10 2.2.4 参心坐标系 . 10 2.2.5 地心坐标系 . 11 2.3 我国常用的测量坐标系 . 12 2.3.1 常用的参心坐标系 . 12 2.3.2 常用的质心坐标系 . 14 2.3.3 地方独立坐标系 . 15 2.3.4 高斯平面直角坐标系 . 16 2.4 高程系统 .
