Lesson 14 Do you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？学 习 目 标 全解必记单词amusing好笑的，有趣的 reply回答experience 经历 language 语言 wave招手 journey 旅行 lift搭便车常考短语in the south of France 在法国南部 drive on to someplace继续驶往某地 on the way 在途wave to sb.向某人挥手 ask sb. for a lift 要求搭车 apart from除了…以外 not...at all 一点也不 neither of两个都不经典句型1. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后，我继续驶往下一个城镇2^ I stopped and he asked me for a lift.我把车停下来，他向我提出要求搭车3^ Apart from a few words. I do not know any French at all.除了个别几个单词外，我根本不会法语。
4> Neither of us spoke during the journey. 旅途中我们谁也没讲话重点语法一、过去完成时结构：had+done（过去分词）过去完成时的具体用法如下：1、 表示过去某时或某动作发生之前就已经完成的动作或者状态，常与 after, before, when, as, as soon as, not...until, by 等引导的时间状语 连用As soon as the sun had set, the old man returned to the hotel.太阳一下山，老人就回到旅店When he had finished the lunch, he asked for a glass of water.他一吃完午餐就要了一杯水2、 没有吋间状语吋，吋间先后由上下文表示I didn't know he had moved out.我不知道他已经搬岀去了They returned earlier than we had expected.他们比我们预期的回来得早3、 用于下列特殊句型之中A、 在 uIt was the first time...v 后面。
It was the first time he had gone abroad.这是他第一次出国It was the first time Tom had broken a world record.这是Tom首次打破世界纪录B、 在 uno sooner...than, hardly/scarcely…when…”的结构之中He had no sooner returned than he bought a house.他一回来就买了房We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.我们刚开始就被叫停了一、方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由 as, (just) as...so..., as if, as though 引导1 ) as, (just) as...so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在 (just) as...so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是” 止如…”，”就像”，多用于止式文体，Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backwardideas as from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西2) as if, as though两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用 虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大汉译常 作”仿佛……似的”，”好像……似的”，They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的与事实相反，谓语 用虚拟语气)He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.他那样子就像被雷击了似的与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气)It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看来天气很快就会好起来。
实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气) 说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的He cleared his throat as if to say something.他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒三、反身代词（一） 反身代词的基本形式反身代词是oneself根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等的变化可以有 myself, himself, herself, yourself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 等形式二） 反身代词做宾语A、有些动词需有反身代词:absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behaveWe enjoyed ourselves very much last night.我们昨晚玩得很开心。
Please help yourself to some fish.请你随便吃点他用于及物动词+宾语+介词:take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth.I could not dress （myself） up at that time.那个时候我不能打扮我自己注:有些动词后不跟反身代词,get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等 Please sit down.请坐三） 作表语；同位in:be oneselfI am not myself today. 我今天不舒服The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要四） 反身代词起强调作用反身代词可强调主语和宾语此时self要重读1、 强调主语反身代词通常是用来强调句子的主语，此时反身代词常位于主语Z后Stress itself is not an illness, but prolonged stress can lead to sickness and absence from work.压力木身不是什么疾病，但长期的压力就会导致疾病，从而影响到工作。
2、 强调宾语强调宾语的反身代词只能紧跟在宾语后面He saw Tom himself.他看到 Tom 本人了3、 在不强调的情况下，but, except, for等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称 代词宾格均可No one but myself （me） is hurt. 除了我自己没有人受伤注意：a.反身代词本身不能单独作主语 （错）Myself drove the car.（对）I myself drove the car*.我自己开车b•但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中，第二个主语可用反身代词，特 别是myself作主语Charles and myself saw it.Charles和我看到了它（五）介词+反身代词1、by oneself：独自一人I went there by myself.我自己一个人去了那儿I learn English by myself=I teach myself English.我自学英语2^ of oneself：自动地，自然而然地The door opened of itself, fl 自动地开 了教材全解In After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后，我继续驶往下一个城A、 in the south of France：在法国的南部，常见的表示地点范围的介词 如下：in：表示大范围中的某个地方（包含关系）to：表示两个地方是相离的（不接壤） on：表示紧紧相邻的两个地方（接壤）Beijing is in the north of China.北京在中国北部。
内部）Japan is to the east of China. H 木在中国东部外部）Russia is on the north of China.俄罗斯在中国北部接壤）B、 副词on紧跟在动词后面时可以表示“向前”、“继续”的意思He talked on until everybody had gone. 他一肓讲到所有人都走了How much longer will this cold weather go on? 这个寒冷的天气还要持续多久？2、 I stopped and he asked me for a lift.我把车停下来，他向我提出要求搭车ask sb. for a lift：向某人要求搭便车去某地，相当于:thumb a lift to somewhere 或 hitchhike to somewhere o3、 Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.除了个别几个单词外，我根本不会法语 •辨析: apart from, except, except for, except that, but, other than, besides, in addition to易混词辨析例句except用作介词， 意为“除、、、 之外”（在整体 中除去一部 分）。
We all succeed except Tom.除了汤姆之外，我们所有人都成功 了except for其判别标志是： 除去的与保留 的不是同一类 别，可放句首The article is good except for a few mistakes.这篇文章除了一些小错误整体很好 Except for Tom, you can all go.除了 Tom,你们都可以走了except that+ 从句。