一般过去式和完成时得区别一般过去时和现在完成时的区别前者表示过去已经做了的事,后者表示过去某一时刻正在做的事一般过去时往往是表示过去的几个时间点；过去进行时表示的是过去的一个时间点 比较过去时与现在完成时1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响 2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语 一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,lastweek，ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,具体的时间状语共同的时间状语:thismorning,tonight,thisApril,now,once，before,already,recently，lately现在完成时的时间状语for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inpastyears,always,不确定的时间状语3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.过去时常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。
举例：Isawthisfilmyesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了 ）Ihaveseenthisfilm.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了 ）Whydidyougetupsoearly?（强调起床的动作已发生过了 ）Whohasnthandedinhispaper?（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争 ）ShehasreturnedfromParis.她已从巴黎回来了 Shereturnedyesterday.她是昨天回来了 HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.(在团内的状态可延续)HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.(是团员的状态可持续)HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.(三年前入团，joined为短暂行为 )Ihavefinishedmyhomeworknow.-WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?-Hesalreadybeensentfor.句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,last,week,in1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.（对）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.过去完成时1）概念：表示过去的过去-|-|-|-其构成是had+过去分词构成 那时以前那时现在2）用法a.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句 Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.b.状语从句在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时 Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.c.表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidnt.3)过去完成时的时间状语before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbegantomakealivingbyhimself.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedattheparty.典型例题Thestudents___busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe___intheoffice.A.hadwritten,leftB，werewriting,hasleftC.hadwritten,hadleftD.werewriting,hadleft答案D.把书忘在办公室发生在去取书这一过去的动作之前，因此忘了书这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。
句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在同学们正忙于这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生 因此前一句应用过去进行时 注意：hadnowhen还没等就hadnosoonerthan刚就Hehadnosoonerboughtthecarthanhesoldit一般过去时与现在完成时比较练习题I.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissZhao______(hurry)offtolookaftertheman.2.Jim______(make)manyfriendssincehe______(come)toChina.3.They______(know)eachotherforabouttenyears.4.He______already______(write)alettertothefactorytoaskthemtostopmakingnoise.5.When______she______(leave)?Twohoursago.6.______you______(see)thefilmbefore?Yes,I______.Where______you______(see)it?AtTheQueensCinema.7.Thankyouallthesame,Mr.Black,butIdonteatsweets.Oh,Iamsorry.I______(notknow)that.8.Theyusually______(go)fishingwhentheylivedthere.9.Howlong______she______(be)ill?10.Theydidntstarttoworkinthefielduntiltherain______(stop).II.按要求完成句子。
A)句型转换 1.Johnwenttoseehisgrandmotheronceaweek.(对划线部分提问)__________________John______toseehisgrandmother.2.Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.(改为否定句)He______finishedhishomework______.3.YouhaveneverbeentoShanghaibefore.(改为反意疑问句)YouhaveneverbeentoShanghaibefore,______?B)同义句转换,每空一词 4.Myfathercamebackthedaybeforeyesterday.Myfatherhas____________fortwodays.5.Myuncleboughtthenewcartwomonthsago.Myunclehas______thenewcar______twomonthsago.6.TheyleftChangshaanhourago.Theyhave__________________Changshaforanhour.7.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Thefilm__________________fortenminutes.8.Theoldmandied5yearsago.Theoldman__________________for5years.III.单项填空。
1.Imsorry,Cathy,I______yourradioforsuchalongtime.Nevermind.A.haveborrowedB.havelentC.havekeptD.havereturned2.Wherehaveyou______thesedays?Ihave______toYangzhouwithmyfriends.A.been,goneB.been,beenC.gone,beenD.gone,gone3.Whereisyourfather?Wehaventseeneachotherforweeks.______.A.HehasbeentoAmericaB.HehasgonetoEnglandC.HeisgoingtoAustraliaD.Hewouldvisitmygrandparents4.Theyhave______sincethefactoryopened.A.lefttheschoolB.joinedtheteamC.becomeworkersD.workedhere5.Jim______theGreatWallmanytimes.A.wenttoB.goestoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeento6.It______tenyearssincethey______toFrance.A.was,movedB.was,havemovedC.is,havemovedD.is,moved7.______totheUnitedStates?No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.A.HaveyoubeenB.HaveyougoneC.DidyougoD.Willyougo8.IwontgotoseethefilmtonightbecauseI______myticket.A.didntloseB.havelostC.willloseD.didnthave9.MissWuhastaughtinthisschool______.A.fortenyearsB.tenyearsagoC.sincetenyearsD.fortenyearsago10.I______todayshomeworkalready.Whataboutyou?A.havefinishedB.finishC.tofinishD.finishing11.AnnhasgonetoShanghai.So______herparents.A.hasB.hadC.didD.have 5Word版本。