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1、2015年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a s
2、tudy, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 .The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1,932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5 .
3、While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin.”The study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared
4、 in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10 , as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working together that 12 us in choosing genetically similar frien
5、ds 13 “functional kinship” of being friends with 14 !One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 15 than other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.T
6、he findings do not simply explain peoples 18 to befriend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population. 1.A whatB wh
7、yC howD when2.A defendedB concludedC withdrawnD advised3.A forB withC byD on4.A separatedB soughtC comparedD connected5.A testsB objectsC samplesD examples6.A insignificantB unexpectedC unreliableD incredible7.A visitB missC knowD seek8.A surpassB influenceC favorD resemble9.A againB alsoC insteadD
8、thus10.A MeanwhileB FurthermoreC LikewiseD Perhaps11.A aboutB toC fromD like12.A limitB observeC confuseD drive13.A according toB rather thanC regardless ofD along with14.A chancesB responsesC benefitsD missions15.A fasterB slowerC laterD earlier16.A forecastB remember C expressD understand17.A unpr
9、edictableB contributoryC controllableD disruptive18.A tendencyB decisionC arrangementD endeavor19.A politicalB religiousC ethnicD economic20.A seeB showC proveD tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B,
10、 C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings dont abdicate, they die in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. S
11、o, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly
12、polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity as heads of state. And so, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the m
13、ost monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public fi
14、gure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very historyand sometimes the way they behave todayembodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states. The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old
