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1、American Crisis by Thomas Paine THESE are the times that try mens souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered;
2、yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every thing its value. Heaven knows how to put a proper price upon its goods: and it would be strange indeed if so celest
3、ial an article as FREEDOM should not be highly rated. Britain, with an army to enforce her tyranny, has declared that she has a right (not only to TAX) but to BIND us in ALL CASES WHATSOEVER, and if being bound in that manner, is not slavery, then is there not such a thing as slavery upon earth. Eve
4、n the expression is impious; for so unlimited a power can belong only to God. Whether the independence of the continent was declared too soon, or delayed too long, I will not now enter into as an argument; my own simple opinion is, that had it been eight months earlier, it would have been much bette
5、r. We did not make a proper use of last winter, neither could we, while we were in a dependent state. However, the fault, if it were one, was all our own; we have none to blame but ourselves. But no great deal is lost yet. All that Howe has been doing for this month past, is rather a ravage than a c
6、onquest, which the spirit of the Jerseys, a year ago, would have quickly repulsed, and which time and a little resolution will soon recover. I have as little superstition In me as any man living, but my secret opinion has ever been, and still is, that God Almighty will not give up a people to milita
7、ry destruction, or leave them unsupportedly to perish, who have so earnestly and so repeatedly sought to avoid the calamities of war, by every decent method which wisdom could invent. Neither have I so much of the infidel in me, as to suppose that He has relinquished the government of the world, and
8、 given us up to the care of devils; and as do not, I cannot see on what grounds the king of Britain can look up to heaven for help against us: a common murderer, a highwayman, or a housebreaker, has as good a pretence as he. . The heart that feels not now is dead; the blood of his children will curs
9、e his cowardice, who shrinks back at a time when a little might have saved the whole, and made them happy. I love the man that can smile in trouble, that can gather strength from distress, and grow brave by reflection. Tis the business of little minds to shrink; but he whose heart is firm, and whose
10、 conscience approves his conduct, will pursue his principles unto death. My own line of reasoning is to myself as straight and clear as a ray of light. Not all the treasures of the world, so far as I believe, could have induced me to support an offensive war, for I think it murder; but if a thief br
11、eaks into my house, burns and destroys my property, and kills or threatens to kill me, or those that are in it, and to bind me in all cases whatsoever to his absolute will, am I to suffer it? What signifies it to me, whether he who does it is a king or a common man; my countryman or not my countryma
12、n; whether it be done by an individual villain, or an army of them? If we reason to the root of things we shall find no difference; neither can any just cause be assigned why we should punish in the one case and pardon in the other. Let them call me rebel and welcome, I feel no concern from it; but
13、I should suffer the misery of devils, were I to make a whore of my soul by swearing allegiance to one whose character is that of a sottish, stupid, stubborn, worthless, brutish man. I conceive likewise a horrid idea in receiving mercy from a being, who at the last day shall be shrieking to the rocks
14、 and mountains to cover him, and fleeing with terror from the orphan, the widow, and the slain of America. 托马斯培恩（1737-1809），美国著名散文家，常识和美国危机是其散文名作。 这是考验人的灵魂的时代。在当前的危机中，精壮的战士和乐天的爱国者会在为国家服务的责任面前畏缩不前，但今天能坚持战斗的人应当得到全体男女的爱戴和感激。专制制度就像地狱一样，是不容易被打破的，但是我们可以堪慰的是：斗争越是艰巨，胜利就越光荣。轻易获得的东西，我们并不珍重；一切事物的价值在于它是来之不易的。上天
15、知道怎样给它的货品定出适当的价码。如果对自由这样神圣的东西反而索价不高，那岂非咄咄怪事。凭军队来推行其专制制度的不列颠公开宣布她有权利(不但课税)而且在一切情形下对我们进行全面约束，如果那样约束我们还不叫奴役的话，那世上就不存在奴役这回事了。其实他们这种说法本身也是亵渎神明的，因爲他们所说的那种无限权力只能属于上帝。 不管大陆的独立宣布得过早还是过晚，我都不会去指责它，我只是认为，如果这件事能早8个月，就会对我们有利得多。我们没有好好利用上个冬季，在一个尚未独立的国家里，我们也无法好好利用。如果这确实是个错误的话，我们只能归因于自己，不能指责旁人。好在我们的损失有限。这个月以来豪的所做所为，充
16、其量只能算是劫掠，称不上是征服。勇敢的泽西人将很快能给之还击，稍稍假以时日，再加上点儿的耐心，我们就可以恢复过来。 我和任何人一样，没有什么迷信。但我内心深处一向认为，而且现在还是这么认为，一个曾殚思竭虑，想尽一切妥善的办法，屡次真诚地寻求避免战争之灾难的民族，万能的上帝是不会听任他们横遭兵刃的洗劫的。我没有那麽多异教徒的思想，还不至于认爲上帝会放弃对世界的主宰，把我们交给魔鬼发落。既然我并无上述想法，我也就看不出不列颠国王将能以何种理由仰对上天求助以加害于我们：一个声名狼藉的凶手、拦路抢劫的匪徒和破门而入的强盗都会找到一个跟他一样堂皇的借口。 . 此时此刻无动于衷的心便是死的。他的孩子们将以血咒駡他的怯懦，因爲他在只要付出一点便可拯救全体，使他们获得幸福的紧要关头退缩了。我爱能在危难中微笑的人；我爱能从痛苦中聚集力量的人；我爱能通过深思变得勇敢的人。临阵逃脱是小人的行径。而一位天性坚毅，行爲不背良心的人，将会坚持原则。至死不渝。在我看来，我推理的思路像一线光一
