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1、直接引语和间接引语讲解及练习 直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。例：.“Whats you name?” she asked. He replied that he was going by train.（一） 将直接引语变为间接引语时要做一些相应的变化，主要有以下几种情况。1 人称的变化（一随主、 二随宾、三不变）直接引语变间接引语相当于把直接引语变为宾语从句。因此直接引语的人称要做相应变化。 一随主 直接引语的主语为第一人称时，变为间接引语要和主句的主语保持一致。 He said: “I will go to Beijing tomorrow.” He s
2、aid that he would go to Beijing the next day. 二随宾 直接引语的主语为第二人称时，要和主句的宾语保持一致。 例：He said to me: “You will leave tomorrow.” He told me that I would leave the next day. 三不变 直接引语是第三人称为主语时，变间接引语时不变。 例：He said to me: “My sister will leave tomorrow.” He told me that his sister would leave tomorrow. He said
3、to us: “They want to come.” He told us that they wanted to go.2.时态的变化如果主句是过去式时，从句做相对应变化. 如下一般现在时一般过去时(谓语变化： )一般将来时过去将来时(谓语变化： )现在进行时过去进行时(谓语变化： )一般过去时过去完成时(谓语变化： )现在完成时过去完成时(谓语变化： )情态动词的变化（ ） *直接引语如果是客观真理，变间接引语时，时态用一般现在时。 例：He said: “Light travels much faster than sound.” He said that light travels
4、much faster than sound.如果主句是一般现在时，从句时态不变。He always says: “Ill be a reporter when I grow up. ”He always says that hell be a reporter when he grows up. ”3.状语和指示代词的变化时间状语的变化 now thenlast monththe month before todaythat nighttodaythat daythree days ago three days before tomorrow the next daythis weektha
5、t week next monththe next month yesterdaythe day before the day after tomorrowin two days 例：She said, “I went there yesterday.” She said that she had gone there the day before. 地点状语的变化 herethere He said, “My sister was here three days ago.” He said that his sister had been there three days before. 指
6、示代词的变化 thisthatthesethose She said: “I will come this morning.” She said that she would go that morning. 谓语动词的变化 come go She said, “I will come here tomorrow.” She said that she would go there the next day.（二）句式的改变 1. 直接引语是陈述句时，变成用连词that（只起连接作用，没有任何意义）引导的宾语从句，句中时态、人称指示代词、时间、地点等作相应变化。 例：He said: “You
7、 can swim here.” He told me that I could swim there. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句 直接引语是一般疑问句变成用whether或if引导的宾语从句，句中时态、人称、指示代词、时间、地点等作相应的变化。 例：Mary asked me: “Are you from England?” Mary asked me if /whether I was from England. *变为间接引语后要变为陈述句形式。 3直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成用原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。句中的时态、人称、指示代词、时间、地点等要做相应的变化。 John asked m
8、e, “Where does Jim come from?”John asked me where Jim came from.*变为间接引语后要变为陈述句形式。5. 直接引语是祈使句 直接引语是祈使句，根据说话人的语气变成ask（请让），tell（告诉），order（命令），warm（警告）sb. to do sth. 结构；直接引语是否定祈使句时，要完成ask/tell/order/warn sb. not to do sth. 结构。例如：She said to me, “Please sit down.” She asked me to sit down. Mother said to
9、 me, “Pass me some salt. ” Mother asked me to pass her some salt. He said: “Dont play in the street.” He told us not to play in the street.*宾语从句用陈述句语序（即主语在谓语动词之前）总结：四变化： ， ， ， 练习将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet.” he said to me. He
10、 _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He _ me that he
11、 _ met the day _.6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
12、He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Stop making so much noise, children.”
13、 he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.14. “Dont tell him the news.” she said.She told me _ _ _ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interestd in _. 把下列的直接引语变为间接引语。1. “I saw a note on my desk.” she said. 2. Mother said, “Well go to the park tomorrow.”3. He said to me, “Your brother broke it.”4. Tom said, “My sister was here three days ago.”5. “We stayed there for two weeks.” she told me.6. She said, “I have given up smoking.” 7. “Weve kno
