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1、Discovering Useful StructurePhrases短语（词组）Unit 1 Teenage Life语法思考：1. 高中阶段常见的短语主要有几种？ 在高中阶段，常见的短语形式有:名词短语(Noun Phrases)、形容词短语(Adjective Phrases)、副词短语(Adverb Phrases)、介词短语及动词短语(Verb Phrases)等。本单元只讲解前面三种形式。本节语法导读本节语法导读语法思考：2. 学习英语短语或者词组的意义是什么？ 短语或词组(Phrases)是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。了解短语知识对于快速、准确地理解句子意义及划分句子
2、结构大有裨益。本节语法导读本节语法导读Analyze the underlined parts of the sentences and sum up what they have in common.1.(教材原文P16) The first week was a little confusing.2.(教材原文P16) The building is so big that Im completely lost.3.(教材原文P16) My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so quickly.语法自主探究语
3、法自主探究1.所有画线部分都是短语(词组)。2.The first week, the building, my first French class和the teacher属于名词短语。3.a little confusing，so big ,completely lost , very confusing都属于形容词短语。4.so quickly 自成一体，属于副词短语。共性总结共性总结名词短语: 指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词,可作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。常见名词短语的构成形式有:限定词+名词如: The girl限定词+形容词(短语)十名词如: A beau
4、tiful girl限定词+名词+介词短语如: A beautiful campus of my school限定词+描述性名词+名词如: My school life名词短语名词短语(noun phrases)(1)限定词包括:冠词(a/an/the)指示代词(this/that/these/those等)物主代词( my/your/his/her/our/their等)不定代词(some/ no/ neither/both等)数词(one/two/first/second等)。名词短语名词短语(noun phrases)(2)多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为:限定词数词描绘词出处材料性质类别
5、名词。如：a small round table/a tall gray building/a dirty old brown shirt/a famous German medical school/an expensive Japanese sports car顺口溜记忆:县(限定词)官(观点形容词)行(形状形容词)大(大小形容词)令(年龄新旧形容词)射(颜色形容词)国(国家等出处形容词)才(材料质地等形容词)。名词短语名词短语(noun phrases)自主探究These red roses are for you, 这些红玫瑰是送给你的。(名词短语these red roses 的构成
6、形式为:限定词十形容词+名词,该短语在句中充当主语)I have three close friends. 我有三个要好的朋友。(名词短语three close friends的构成形式为:限定词+形容词+名词,该短语在句中充当宾语)名词短语名词短语(noun phrases)自主探究He is my best friend. 他是我最好的朋友。(名词短语my best friend的构成形式为:限定词十形容词+名词，该短语在句中充当表语)There are some red roses on that small table.在那张小桌上有一些红玫瑰。(名词短语some red roses的
7、构成形式为:限定词+形容词+名词+介词短语，该短语在句中充当主语;另外, that small table也是名词短语，在句中作介词on的宾语)名词短语名词短语(noun phrases)既学既练画出下例句中的名词短语并指明构成形式1.The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.构成形式：限定词+形容词+名词+介词短语；限定词+名词2.The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my bother.构成形式：限定词+形容词+名词+ving短语；限定词+名词3.The first young man is a bus driver.
8、构成形式：限定词+序数词+形容词+名词；限定词+名词+名词名词短语名词短语(noun phrases)形容词短语形容词短语(adjective phrases)形容词短语，是指一个以形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词，可以修饰名同或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。常见形容词短语的构成形式有:副词+形容词如: very suitable形容词+enough如: good enough形容词+介词短语如: good for nothing副词+形容词+介词如: well worthy of praise自主探究Your room is large and beautiful.你
9、的房间大且美丽。(形容词短语large and beautiful 的构成形式为:形容词+and/but+形容词,该短语在句中充当表语)The room was awfully dirty. 这房间太脏了。(形容词短语awfully dirty的构成形式为:副词+形容词，该短语在句中充当表语)形容词短语形容词短语(adjective phrases)自主探究The most beautiful bird I have ever seen is peacock.我见过的最漂亮的鸟是孔雀。(形容词短语most beautiful的构成形式为:副词+形容词，该短语在句中作定语修饰名词bird)A g
10、ood friend is someone who makes you really happy.好朋友就是能让你真正高兴的人。(形容词短语really happy的构成形式为:副词+形容词，该短语在句中作宾语补足语)形容词短语形容词短语(adjective phrases)既学既练1.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.构成形式：副词+and+副词+名词2.The road is long enough.构成形式：副词+enough3.The medicine is good for stomach.构成形式：形容词+介词短语形容词
11、短语形容词短语(adjective phrases)副词短语副词短语(adverb phrases)副词短语:指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见副词短语的构成形式有:(副词)+副词如: much more beautifully副词短语副词短语(adverb phrases)自主探究He did his work here yesterday.他昨天在这里工作。(副词短语here yesterday修饰动词did)Bill did the work very well.比尔做的这份工作很好。副词短语very well修饰动词didWe are
12、 all entirely responsible for our action(副词短语all entirely, 修饰形容词短语responsible for)既学既练画出下例句中的副词短语1. You are driving too fast. Could you drive less slowly?2. Strangely enough, she didnt seem to like ballet very much.3. The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.副词短语副词短语(adverb phrases)Thanks for listening!
