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1、【演讲者及介绍】Yvonne van Amerongen一名职业治疗师和社会工作者。【演讲主题】重新定义老人护理的 老年痴呆村翻译者Nancy Cai 校对者psjmz mz00:12This is the Hogeweyk. Its a neighborhoodin a small town very near Amsterdam, in the Netherlands. There are 27 housesfor six, seven people each. Theres a small mall with a restaurant, a pub, asupermarket, a cl
2、ub room. There are streets, alleys, theres a theater. Itactually is a nursing home. A nursing home for people that live with anadvanced dementia and that need 24-7 care and support. 这是Hogeweyk。它是位于荷兰阿姆斯特丹旁边的一个小镇的一个社区。这儿有27所住户，每家有6，7个人，这儿有一个小商场，里面有一个餐厅，一个酒吧，一个超市，和一个娱乐室。这儿有街道和小巷，还有一个剧场。它其实是一个疗养院，为那些患有
3、重度痴呆的人提供24小时的护理和关怀。00:47Dementia is a terrible disease, and westill dont have any cure for it. Its getting to be a major problem in theworld, for the people, for the politicians, for the world - its getting to bea big problem. We see that we have waiting lists in the nursing homes. Mostpeople that c
4、ome to the nursing homes with dementia are women. And thats alsobecause women are used to taking care of people, so they can manage to takecare of their husband with dementia, but the other way around is not so easyfor the gentlemen. 痴呆是一个很可怕的疾病，而且我们目前仍然没法治愈它。它正在成为一个全世界的重大问题，给人民，政治家，还有全世界 都带来了很大的问题。
5、我们看到疗养院还有等候名单。大部分来疗养院的痴呆患者都是女性，这也是因为女性很习惯于照顾别人，如果她们的丈夫患了痴呆，她们就可以照顾他们，但反过来对丈夫们就没有那么简单。01:26Dementia is a disease that affects thebrain. The brain is confused. People dont know anymore what the time is,whats going on, who people are. Theyre very confused. And because of thatconfusion, they get to be a
6、nxious, depressed, aggressive. 痴呆是一种影响大脑的疾病。患者的大脑变得十分混乱，不知道几点了，发生了什么事，也不认识人。他们变得非常糊涂，还因此变得焦虑，抑郁，和易怒。01:50This is a traditional nursing home. Iworked there in 1992. I was a care manager. And we often spoke together aboutthe fact that what we were doing there was not what we wanted for our parents,for
7、 our friends, for ourselves. And one day, we said, When we keep onsaying this, nothing is going to change. We are in charge here. We should dosomething about this, so that we do want to have our parents here. 这是一个传统的疗养院，我1992年的时候在那里工作，我负责照料患者。我们经常会讨论，如果我们的父母、朋友、甚至是自己生病了，我们不会想让他们来这里。有一天，我们意识到，我们只是一直这
8、么说是没用的，在这里我们做主，我们应该做点什么，让这里变成一个我们放心自己父母来的地方。02:22We talked about that, and what we saw everyday was that the people that lived in our nursing home were confused abouttheir environment, because what they saw was a hospital-like environment, withdoctors and nurses and paramedics in uniform, and they l
9、ived on a ward. Andthey didnt understand why they lived there. And they looked for the place toget away. They looked and hoped to find the door to go home again. And we saidwhat we are doing in this situation is offering these people that already have aconfused brain some more confusion. We were add
10、ing confusion to confusion. Andthat was not what these people needed. 我们每天看到的是住在这里的患者 对周边的环境感到迷茫，因为他们看到的是像医院一样的环境，有医生、护士、穿着制服的护理人员，而且他们住在病房里。他们不明白为什么他们住在这里，他们想尽快离开。想要找到那个通往家的门。我们发现，在这种情况下，我们让这些本来就糊涂的人，变得更糊涂了。我们在混乱之上增添混乱，这反而是在帮倒忙。03:11These people wanted to have a life, and thehelp, our help, to deal
11、 with that dementia. These people wanted to live in anormal house, not in a ward. They wanted to have a normal household, where theywould smell their dinner on the stove in the kitchen. Or be free to go to thekitchen and grab something to eat or drink. Thats what these people needed.And thats what w
12、e should organize for them. 这些人想要有一个生活，还需要我们帮助他们来面对痴呆。他们想生活在一个正常的房子里，不是病房里。他们想要一个正常的家，想闻到厨房里炉子上飘出的晚饭的香气，或是能自己走到厨房里，拿点什么吃的喝的。这是他们所需要的，也是我们应该给他们提供的。03:43And we said we should organize this like athome, so they wouldnt live with a group of 15 or 20 or 30, like in a ward. No,a small group of people, six
13、 or seven, family-like. Like living with friends.And we should find a way to select people based on their ideas about life sothat they did have a good chance to become friends, when they lived together.And we interviewed all the families of the residents about what isimportant for your father, whats
14、 important for your mother,what is their life like, what do they want. And wefound seven groups, and we call them lifestyle groups. 我们觉得，为了营造家的氛围，不能让他们十几个或者几十个人住在一起，像在病房一样，他们以6-7个人为团体住在一起，像家一样。就好像和朋友住在一起。我们应该想办法筛选出生活兴趣相同的人，这样他们住在一起的时候能变成好朋友。我们也采访了所有患者的家人，问他们“你的爸爸重视什么？”“你的妈妈重视什么？”“他们的生活是什么样的？”“他们想要什么
15、？”然后我们成立了7个小组，叫做“生活方式小组”。04:29And for instance, we found this formallifestyle. In this lifestyle, people have a more formal way of interacting witheach other, a distant way. Their daily rhythm starts later in the day, endslater in the day. Classical music is more heard in this lifestyle group than i
16、nother lifestyle groups. And their menu, well, is more French cuisine thantraditional Dutch. 比如，有一个小组的生活方式很正式，在这种生活方式下，大家互相交往的方式都很正式，保持适当的距离。他们每天的生活开始得较晚，结束得也较晚。这个小组的人比别的小组更喜欢听经典音乐。他们更喜欢法国美食，而不是传统的荷兰美食。04:53(Laughter) （笑）04:55In contrary to the craftsman lifestyle.Thats a very traditional lifestyle, and they get up early in the morning, goto bed early, because they have worked hard their whole life,
