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1、. .行政监视论文：我国粮食直接补贴行政监视问题研究【中文摘要】粮食即是人类赖以生存的必需品,又是维护一个国家政治社会稳定的重要物资。因此粮食问题一直以来都是世界范围的焦点问题。我国粮食补贴政策已实施多年,近年来,我国粮食补贴政策发生了巨大变革,对农民的补贴从低效的间接补贴转变为更高效的直接补贴。到目前为止,我国已根本形成较为完善的粮食补贴体系,有效提高了粮食补贴的效率。现行的粮食补贴政策产生了良好的经济效应和社会效应。但在实际执行中,现行的粮食补贴政策在很多方面还存在局限性,制约了粮食补贴效率的进一步提高以及国家粮食补贴政策目标的实现。本文旨在通过对外国粮食补贴政策的比拟以借鉴其经历,并结合
2、中国目前粮食补贴政策中存在的问题,提出建立健全监视机制等政策建议,以期对解决目前的粮食问题有所参考价值。【英文摘要】Direct-subsidy grain policy is another great policy after the reform of agriculture tax, which makes the further contribution to the opening and marketization of our grain distribution system. However, the formulation, implementation and feed
3、back of direct-subsidy grain policy are comprehensive issues, the administrative supervision on this policy plays an really important role in removing risks and improve efficiency, as a kind of guarantee measure. So far, we have established a set of effective measures on the administrative supervisi
4、on on direct-subsidy grain policy, which assures the implementation of this policy. Nevertheless, there are still some problems and shortcomings, especially the nonconformity between the farmerssubsidies income and the grain production, the concealment of the standard of direct subsidy, the lack of
5、direct subsidy funds and so on. Therefore, so as to promote Chinas grain production and ensure food security, figuring out how to improve the efficiency of Chinas administrative supervision and better utilize the positive effect of the direct-subsidy grain policy becomes the most important issue, wh
6、ich will be discussed in this paper.This paper is divided into three parts:The first part makes a brief introduction of basic situation of our administrative supervision. Firstly, the content of administrative supervision is clarified. In this part, administrative supervision means the inspection, s
7、upervision and restraint activities which are leading by various agencies, political parties, peoples Political Consultative Conference, social bodies and individuals to supervise the state administrative organs and their staff whether they are lawful and exercise reasonable powers. As one of nation
8、al supervision system, it is an important part of national administrative supervision system. Then this part mainly discusses Chinas administrative supervision on direct-subsidy grain policy. As the important component of national administrative supervision system, Chinas administrative supervision
9、on direct-subsidy grain policy is an important measure to promote the efficiency of this policy, it is the guarantee of arousing enthusiasm, protecting the legitimate rights of farmers and promoting the development balance of various industries. The administrative supervision concerns about many thi
10、ngs connected with the decision-making, implementation and feedbacks of direct-subsidy grain policy. Although this administrative supervision system has begun to take shape, it obviously has many aspects to improve, such as the object and scope of subsidies, long-term mechanism and the degree of leg
11、islation. As a result, the perfection of administrative supervision of direct-subsidy grain policy, the correct direction and the realization of equity and efficiency of grain policy of direct subsidy has a realistic meaning to the our agriculture development, especially the grain production and the
12、 safety of grain production.In second part, it defines the meaning of direct-subsidy grain policy by examining its development history. In this part, grain policy of direct subsidy is the fiscal transfer payment to the grain production, and its essence is the re-distribution process which the govern
13、ments deal with national income. Then the grain direct subsidy can be divided into linked and non-linked subsidy based on the condition of the distribution measures. If it is distributed based on the subsidy standard, the direct subsidy can be divided into fixed and price differentials subsidy. Howe
14、ver, the shortcomings of the administrative supervision of direct-subsidy grain policy is mainly the nonconformity between the farmers subsidies, income and the grain production, the concealment of the standard of direct subsidy, the lack of direct subsidy funds and so on, all of these lead to the u
15、nfairness of the direct-subsidy grain policy. As a result, it reduces the efficiency of the direct subsidy. However, the main reason is the lack of steady supervision mechanism, and the direct-subsidy grain policy cant be exercised effectively without it. Moreover, the fair and reasonable distributi
16、on of the subsidy funds has a profound meaning to the realization of the goal of our grain policy of direct subsidy, it means that, the reasonable implement can improve the exercise efficiency of this policy. As long as farmersproduction satisfies to requirements, they can obtain the direct subsidy, this measure can arouse farmers enthusiasm. Then the conformity between farmersproduction programs and the subsidy objects has a
