高中英语人教版()必修第一册名词语法知识点总结 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册名词语法知识点总结名词名词单复数1.一般情况下直接+s2.以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的单数名词后+es3.以辅音+y，把y改i加es以元音+y，加s4.以f/fe结尾①把f/fe改为v+es如:half,life,leaf,loaf一块面包,knife,shelf架子,wife②直接+s如：belief信任,grief悲伤,cliff悬）,gulf海湾,roof,proof证明5.特殊情况①-ch词尾发/k/音，+SMonarch君主stomach②以元音加o或oo结尾的词，加sBamboo/solo/piano/portfolio公文包/memento遗物/concerto协奏曲/quarto （4A）/kilo/largo协奏曲③辅音+o结尾的词，加esCargo货物/echo回声/embargo禁令/hero/tomato/potato/veto否决权④加es或s都行Zero/volcano火山/mango/archipelago群岛/banjo班卓琴/grotto洞穴/halo 6.不规则变内部元音：man-men woman-women child-children goose-geesetooth-teeth mouse-mice gentleman-gentlemen单复数同型：sheep deer sapcecraft太空船aircraft飞行器ChineseJapanese Swiss瑞士人means方法crossroads十字路口headheadquarters总部series连续species种类works工厂外来名词的复数形式criterion-criteria 标准phenomenon-phenomena现象analysis-analyses分析basis-bases基础crisis-crises危机thesis-theses论文bacterium-bacteria细菌medium-madia媒体7.复合名词的复数形式①不可数名词结尾，无复数形式Homework newspaper②Man或woman为前缀的，一起变Woman doctor-women doctors man waiter-men waiters③以两个名词组合成的，后面名词变复数④以名词+介词（短语），前面名词变复数Father-in-law→fathers-in-law⑤动词/过去分词+副词，加sGrown-up stand-by所有格表示‘的’的意思，分为’s和of两种所有格形式。
1.’s构成（从前往后翻）（1）单数名词/复数名词非s结尾，后面加s（2）复数名词词尾-s，加’The boss‘s plan 老板的计划（3）用and连接的并列名词的所有格分两种情况①表示各自的所有关系时，要分别在并列名词后加’s②表示共同的所有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加’sTom’s and Jim’s rooms （各自）的房间Tom and Jim’s room （共同）的房间2.用法◆时间后This month’s schedule 这个月的日程10 days’ holiday十天的假期◆国家或城市后China’s policy中国的政策The town’s population这个镇的人口◆组织机构后◆度量衡后◆天体后3.of所有格（从后往前翻）①修饰前面的名词②表两个名词间的所属关系4.双重所有格①Of+名词’s所有格②Of+名词性物主代词主谓一致1.集合名词做主语①表整体概念，谓语动词用单数②表个体概念，谓语动词用复数Eg：（1）The whole family is active.(2) the family have met their various obligations.2.单复数同形名词做主语：根据句义，判断谓语动词的单复数We need to find some other means of transportation.3.国名、组织机构、书名、报刊名等复数形式的专用名词作为整体对待，谓语用单数。
The United Nations has passed a resolution to lift sanctions against Iraq.5.由and或both..and..连接两个单数名词作主语时，指代复数概念，谓语动词用复数She and her friends are at the fair.※and连接的两个词指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，且两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数The teacher and writer is her friend.※and连接单数主语前如果有every.each.no.many a修饰时，谓语动词用单数No smoking or drinking is allowed.Every man and woman is required to check in.6.时间、距离、金钱、价格等常作为整体看待时，谓语动词用单数①Five dollars is a lot of money.②Fifteen miles is not a long way.7.就近原则（1）There/here be句型①There are many possible candidates.②Here are some stones.（2）or,either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but(also)…连接并列成分作主语①His friends or the boy runs every day.②Neither gray nor white is my favourite color③Either Grandpa or my sisters are going to the park.8.就远原则(1)As well as;together/along/combined with;rather than;except;besides;including;in addition to;apart from①The politician,along with the newsmen,is on the meeting.②Exitement,as well as nervousness,is the cause of her shaking.(2)some of,plenty of,a lot of ,lots of,most of,the rest of,all ofHalf of,part of,分数、百分数+of+名词短语作主语，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。
①All of the chicken is gone②Most of the cookies were eaten9.四则运算中，谓语动词多用单数10.‘a number of+可数名词复数’谓语动词用复数许多大量‘the number of+可数名词’谓语动词用单数的数量11.“each，one，no one，some（any，no，every）+body（one或thing）”作主语或作限定词，谓语动词用单数①Each gets a trophy for playing.③Somebody will pay for this.12.“one anda half+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数①One and a half apples is left on the table.13.“a/an+单数名词+or two”作主语，谓语动词用单数“one or two+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数① A student or two has failed the e xam.②One or two suggestions were recommended.14.many a…或more than one+名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
①Many a man thinks life is meaningless without purpose.②More than one student has tried this.15.“one of+复数名词”结构中，谓语动词用单数16.few,many,several,all,some后加名词作主语，谓语动词用复数 -全文完-。