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1、八年级（上）学练优英语教学课件学练优英语教学课件Section A (Grammar Focus-3c)Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 学练优八年级英语上学练优八年级英语上（RJRJ） 教学课件教学课件 Key words & phrases: something，nothing，everyone，myself， yourself，someone，seem，bored，diary go out，have a good time，of course，keep a diary Key sentences: 1. Where did you go on va
2、cation？ I went to New York City. 2. Did you go out with anyone？ Did you buy anything special? 3. How was the food？How was your vacation? Indefinite Pronouns 不定代词不定代词学习目标学习目标不定代词不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。常见不定代词如下所示：的代词叫作不定代词。常见不定代词如下所示：some 一些一些somebody 某人某人someone 某人某人something 某
3、事某事; 某物某物nothing 无物无物all 全体；全部全体；全部both 两个两个(都都)none 没人或物没人或物（指两个以上）（指两个以上）other(s) 另一个另一个（些）（些）another 另外一另外一个；又一个个；又一个much 很多很多many 很多很多Indefinite Pronouns anybody 任何任何人人anyone 任何人任何人anything 任何任何事物事物no 无无nobody 无人无人no one 无人无人neither 没人或物没人或物 （指两个当中）（指两个当中）either 任何一个任何一个（指两个当中）（指两个当中）each 每个每个ev
4、ery 每个每个everybody 每人；每人；大家；人人大家；人人everyone 每人每人everything 每一每一件事物；一切件事物；一切few 很少很少a few 一些；一些；几个几个little 很少很少a little 一些一些one 一个一个(人人或物或物) 注意：注意：1. some 和和any 既可修饰可数名词复数，也既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。可修饰不可数名词。some 多用于多用于肯定句肯定句，any则多用于则多用于否定句否定句、疑问句疑问句和和条件从句条件从句。例如：例如： 但是，在但是，在Would you like some tea? 这类这类问句
5、中则用问句中则用some, 而不用而不用any, 这是因为问这是因为问话者希望得到对方肯定的答复。话者希望得到对方肯定的答复。 A: Are there any apples in the fridge? B: Yes, there are some. / No, there arent any. A: Is there any water in the bottle? B: Yes, there is some water. / No, there isnt any water.1.There are _ tables in the room, but there arent _ chair
6、s.2. Would you like _ milk?3. Will you give me _ paper?Fill in the blanks with some or any.someanysomesome2. 由由some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词构成的复合不定代词作主语时，都作作主语时，都作单数单数看待，其谓语动词用看待，其谓语动词用第第三人称单数形式三人称单数形式。例如：。例如： Something is wrong with my watch. Well, everyone wants to win. Nobody knows what the futu
7、re will be like. There is something for everyone at Greenwood Park.3. 除除no one 以外，其他复合不定代词都写成以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一一个词个词。4. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后定语要置于其后。例如：例如： Did anyone see something good at the cinema? For lunch, we had something very special-Malaysian yellow noodles. Do you have anything to s
8、ay?Fill in the blanks with the words in the box and practice the conversation.3aLinda: Did you do _ fun on your vacation, Alice?Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya.Linda: How did you like it?Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so _ was really interesting.anyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothinga
9、nythingeverythingLinda: Did you go with _?Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister.Linda: Did you go shopping?Alice: Of course! I bought _ for my parents, but _ for myself.Linda: Why didnt you buy _ for yourself?Alice: I didnt really see _ I liked.anyonesomethingnothinganythinganything3bFill in the
10、blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the box. anything everything nothing everyone no oneDear Bill,How was your vacation? Did you do _ interesting? Did _ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family. anythingeveryone_ was great. We fed some hens and
11、 saw some baby pigs. Theywere so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do in theevening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Bye for now!MarkEverythingnothingno one3cAsk your group questions about their last vacation. Then tell the class your results.Did you Everyone Someone (write cl
12、assmates name)No oneeat anything at a restaurant?read anything interesting?visit anyone in your family?buy anything?keep a diaryWhere did go on vacation?stayed at homeWhere did go on vacation?went to Sanya/ the beachWhere did go on vacation?went shoppingWhere did go on vacation?went to a friends far
13、m一般过去时一般过去时构成构成用法用法动词的过去式动词的过去式1. 表示表示过去过去某个时间发某个时间发生的生的动作动作或存在的或存在的状态状态。2. 表示表示过去过去经常经常或或反复反复发生的动作。发生的动作。(the day before) yesterdaylast night / weekin 1990 / just nowOn Sunday morningtwo days ago一般过去时一般过去时常用时间常用时间规则动词规则动词regular verbs不规则动词不规则动词irregular verbs1. 动词动词be的变化：的变化：waswere am isare 2. 助动词
14、助动词do的变化：的变化： do did (在过去时里助动词在过去时里助动词do没有人称没有人称和数的变化和数的变化) 如：如：Did you play soccer yesterday? Did he play soccer yesterday? 3. 实义动词的变化：实义动词的变化： 实义动词分实义动词分规则变化规则变化和和不规则变化不规则变化。 规则变化有以下几种：规则变化有以下几种： (1) 一般情况下在动词后加一般情况下在动词后加-ed。 e.g. playplayed visitvisited walkwalked cleancleaned (2) 以不发音的以不发音的e结尾的词，
15、在词尾加结尾的词，在词尾加-d。 e.g. notenoted likeliked dancedanced namenamed (3) 以以重读闭音节重读闭音节结尾并且词尾只有结尾并且词尾只有一一个个辅辅音字母，要先音字母，要先双写双写这个辅音字母，再加这个辅音字母，再加-ed。 e.g. stopstopped dropdropped planplanned 巧识闭音节巧识闭音节：音节中的音节中的元元音为音为 / e /，/ i /，/ a /，/ /，/ u: / 之外之外的音。例：的音。例：seem / sim / 开音节开音节 pig / pg / 闭音节闭音节(4) 以以辅辅音字母加
16、音字母加y结尾的单词，先改结尾的单词，先改y为为i，再加再加-ed。 e.g. studystudied carrycarried (5) 不规则变化不规则变化需要按一定的规律逐个记忆。需要按一定的规律逐个记忆。系动词系动词be的过去时的过去时. am (is) was are were陈述句：陈述句：He was at home yesterday.否定句：否定句：He wasnt at home yesterday.疑问句：疑问句：Was he at home yesterday? Yes, he was./ No, he wasnt.句子构成句子构成: : 行为动词的一般过去时行为动词的一般过去时:陈述句：主语陈述句：主语+动词过去式动词过去式+其它其它I go to the movie. I went to the movie.否定句：主语否定句：主语+助动词助动词didnt+动词原形动词原形+其它其它I dont go to school today. I didnt go to school.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Did +主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其它其它Do you
