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1、.摘要45 / 45.弗司各特菲茨杰拉德,二十世纪二十年代美国著名的小说家,被誉为爵士时代的代言人和桂冠诗人。他的代表作了不起的盖茨比被认为是美国文学史上的经典之作。TS艾略特称它为美国小说自亨利詹姆斯以来迈出的第一步。1925 年问世以来,这部小说一直是评论界的热点。评论家们从作品的主题、叙事方法、写作技巧等方面对这部作品进行了深入的研究。近年来也不乏读者从女性主义批评视角和文化角度等对这部小说进行解读。本文利用巴赫金的狂欢化理论重新解读了不起的盖茨比,以期对这部作品有一个全新的认识。引言部分简要介绍作者以及他在美国文学史上的地位和贡献,列举了文学界对了不起的盖茨比的主要评价,为本文提供了一
2、个广阔的分析背景。并对巴赫金的狂欢化理论进行了综述,阐述了运用狂欢化理论研究了不起的盖茨比的可行性。第一章,指出菲茨杰拉德小说创作和狂欢化的联系,解读小说中充溢着的鲜明的狂欢氛围和狂欢精神。梅尼普精神在小说中得到体现。第二章讨论小说中体现的狂欢节最重要的仪式-加冕脱冕仪式。第三章阐述了小说中的狂欢大众,这些狂欢大众由恶棍、小丑、傻子或疯子形象组成。通过综合分析,本文在结论中充分肯定了不起的盖茨比中渗透的狂欢成分,指出菲茨杰拉德有意地创造了一个和当时的现实社会有着惊人的相似之处的狂欢广场。这个广场上形形色色的人尽情表演,不同的价值观实现了平等对话。通过这种对话,通过回荡在广场上的喧嚣声,向我们展
3、现了一副美国二十年代众生相图。关键词：狂欢化 梅尼普 平等对话 加冕脱冕IV.AbstractF. Scott Fitzgerald is known as the spokesman and laureate of the Jazz Age. The GreatGatsby, his masterpiece, is considered an American classic. T. S. Eliot gives it the warmestpraise by claiming that The Great Gatsby is the first step that American fic
4、tion has takensince Henry James1. Ever since its publication in 1925 it has always been the hot subject ofthe critics. People have done intensive researches on its theme, way of narration, techniquesand so on. In recent years, we can find further research on this novel in feminist and culturalaspect
5、s. This thesis attempts to interpret the novel in light of Bakhtins poetics ofcarnivalization in order to enrich the understanding of the novel.The first part of the thesis is a brief introduction to the author and his contribution toAmerican literature. It also gives a summary of the previous criti
6、cal reviews on The GreatGatsby in the hope that it can equip our present carnivalistic interpretation of the novel with arich and broad critical background. Then it goes on to briefly explain Bakhtins theory oncarnival, probing the feasibility of applying the carnival theory to the study of The Grea
7、tGatsby.Chapter I begins by pointing out the connection between carnivalesque and Fitzgeraldsfiction creating. Then it goes on to discuss the carnival atmosphere overwhelming the noveland the carnivalesque spirit filled in the novel. The carnival sense of Menippea works well inthe novel.Chapter II i
8、s a special study on carnivalistic rituals practiced in the novel, the crowningand decrowning of Gatsby and Mrs. Wilson as carnival king and queen.Chapter III elucidates the members of carnival collective alive in the novel, including therogues, the carnival clowns and the carnival fools or madmen.T
9、hrough the comprehensive analysis the thesis comes to its conclusion affirming thatThe Great Gatsby is a carnivalized novel. The parties and gatherings are very similar to thecarnival square in ancient times. With the help of dialogue, of laughter and roaring echoing onthe square, a vivid picture of
10、 the 20th America is unfolded before us.Key words: CarnivalMenippean SatireDialogism Crown/Decrown.1Donaldson, Scott. Critical Essays on F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby. Boston: G.K. Hall and Co.,.1984: 268III.学位论文原创性声明本人所提交的学位论文狂欢视角中的,是在导师的指导下,独立进行研究工作所取得的原创性成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经
11、发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中标明。本声明的法律后果由本人承担。.论文作者签名：指导教师确认签名：.年月日年月日.学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解XX师范大学有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交学位论文的复印件和磁盘,允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权XX师范大学可以将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或其它复制手段保存、汇编学位论文。.保密的学位论文在年解密后适用本授权书.论文作者签名：指导教师签名：.年月日年月日.II.IntroductionF. Scott Fitzgerald was the most f
12、amous chronicler of the 1920s America, an era that hedubbed the Jazz Age. In his short life, the prolific writer leaves behind him five novels, 178short stories, numerous essays and plays. Together with William Faulkner and EarnestHemingway, he was ranked one of the three prominent novelists in mode
13、rn AmericanLiterature. As Faulkner knew well the south, and Hemingway was familiar with wars,Fitzgerald quite understood the rich. He created the Romance of Money, opening up hisown artistic field, and making an eternal contribution to American literature. In his novels andshort stories, Fitzgerald
14、unfolds before us the fashion, the luxury, the deceit and the emptinessof the social life of the 1920s. The Great Gatsby, his masterpiece, is considered an Americanclassic. Ever since its publication in 1925 it has always been the hot subject by the critics.People have done intensive researches on t
15、he novel from different perspectives.It is universally accepted that Fitzgerald writes out of his own experiences. So criticalresponse to Fitzgeralds work including The Great Gatsby is tied to his biography.Biographical research fueled the growing critical reputation of Fitzgerald and of The GreatGatsby. The first full-length biography of Fitzgerald is Arthur Mizeners The Far Side ofParadise: A Biography of F. Scott Fitzgerald which gives detailed information and new waysto the studies on the life and w
