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1、.八年级上册英语基础语法综合讲解八上语法复习Unit1-Unit3l 一般现在时：表示现阶段的动作或状态一般现在时表示现在的状态,如：He is 12. She is at home. 表示现阶段经常的或习惯性的动作,如：I go to school at 7:30 every day. 客观真理：The sun rises from the east.在一般现在时中,主语是第三人称且是单数时,动词用现三单形式：动词现三单变化规则动词原形第三人称单数形式一般动词在词尾加-s,在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/,在t后读/ts/,在d后读/ds/。helplikeswimlistenk
2、nowplaygetfindhelps /helps/likes /laiks/swims /wimz/listens /lisnz/knows /nz/plays /pleiz/gets /gets/finds /faindz/以字母s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词加-es, 读/iz/。如果动词原形词尾已有e,则加s。以o结尾的动词也加-es,读/z/。teachgoteachesgoes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先边y为i,再加-es,读/z/。studystudies2.少数不规则的要记：do-does,be-is, have-hasl 一般过去时；英语动词过去式变化规则及不规则动词
3、的过去式Past Events动词过去式规则动词原形过去式原形过去式呼叫callcalled行走walkwalked搬运carrycarried观看watchwatched跟随followfollowed相信believebelieved发生happenhappened邀请inviteinvited帮助helphelped喜欢likeliked看looklooked住livelived玩playplayed爱loveloved展示showshowed使用useused听起来soundsounded尝试努力trytried冲浪surfsurfed担心worryworried转动turnturne
4、d失败failfailed等待waitwaited拜访visitvisited1直接加d或者ede结尾的动词, 直接加d: smile-smiled; hope-hoped.2双辅音结尾的情况:直接加ed: helped; learned.3重读闭音节:一个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:双写最后一个辅音字母加ed.stopped; planned; preferred; admitted; referred; deferred;4 y结尾的情况:辅音+y结尾动词,y变i加ed: worried;studied.不规则动词原形过去式原形过去式是amwas是iswas是arewere知道knowkne
5、w买buybought见到meetmet会能够cancould看见seesaw抓住catchcaught睡觉sleepslept做dodid拿着taketook挖digdug穿wearwore喝drinkdrank写writewrote吃eatate驾驶drivedrove寻找findfound骑riderode给givegave让letlet去gowent放putput有havehad读readreadl 不定代词和不定副词的用法：回顾：some和any一些1 some一般用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句我需要一些笔记本。我没有书。I dont have books.Do you hav
6、e books? 你有一些书吗？2 在表示请求、建议、征求意见等委婉语气的疑问句中,用some而不用any。Can you bring some things to school? 你能带些东西到学校吗？Would you like apples? 你想要一些苹果吗？somebodyanyoneeverythingnowhere疑问副词1左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词,some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词；2一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否
7、定句、疑问句；以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义no one为两个单词；3不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。He has somethingimportant to do.他有重要的事情要做。肯定句用something,形容词important放后 Did you buy anythingspecial? 一般疑问句用anything,形容词special放后Did you go anywhereinteresting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？ 4不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.
8、今天每个人都在这里。5someone somebody区别简单记就是：someone既可指人,又可指物,somebody只能指人。指人时,为有人、某人的意思,可通用。 此外,somebody还可以指有头有脸的人物,和nobody相对,Someone或no one却没有此意思例如：He thinkshimself somebody。l 表示频率的副词的用法。1.主要频率副词等级排序：always usually often sometimes hardly ever never这些副词在句子中的位置,一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。即：行前助后。 Peter is alwa
9、ys late for school. Peter上学总是迟到。I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词,用 How often I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视How often do you watch TV?2.提问频率how often多长时间一次,用来提问在某一特定的时间内进行某个动作的次数,答语通常是never, sometimes, quite often, usually, three times a year等表示
10、频度的副词或短语。如：How often do you go to the library?你多长时间去一次图书馆?Once a day.一天一次。 其它常见的how词组 how long有多久 how soon需要多长时间能怎样 how far多远 how many多少一般用来提问数量 how much多少钱17 / 17.八上语法复习Unit4-Unit8l 形容词副词比较级和最高级形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则：1一般情况加-er, -esttalltallertallest greatgreatergreatest2以不发音e结尾的单音节词加-r, -stlargelarger
11、largest nicenicernicest3在重读闭音节即：辅音元音辅音中, 先双写末尾的辅音字母 再加-er, -estbigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest4以辅音字母y结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i再加-er, -esteasyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviest, lucky-luckier5以ow,er结尾的双音节词加-er, -estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest 6其他双音节词副词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加mostbeautifulm
12、ore beautifulmost beautifuleasilymore easilymost easily常见不规则变化：原级比较级 最高级good ,wellbetterbestbad, ill, badlyworseworstmany ,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther距离, further程度farthest, furtheroldolder时间, elder顺序oldest, eldest1.原级比较as + 原级形容词+as,表示前后两者一样Mary is as honest as her sister. 否定注意肯定不能用sonot a
13、s/so +形容词+as 表前者不如后者Mary is not as/so honest as her sister.Mary is not so honest a girl as her sister.原本语序是 a honest girl, 只是so 修饰的是形容词,所以形容词提前在so后面2.比较级比较级+than+.The weather today is colder than yesterday.注意than连接的的两个比较对象要一致如Mary s hat is smaller than Tom 错误应为Mary s hat is smaller than Toms比较级别 +and+比较级：越来越若比较级为more+形容词原级,则为：more and more形容词原级The buildings are taller and taller. Our country is becoming stronger and strongerthe+比较级,the+比较级 越.就越the+比较级+of the two.,特指两者中更.的那个3.最高级The+形容词最高级+名词+表范围的,表示三者或三者以上之间最.,因为是特指,所以通
