《四级听力长对话技巧课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《四级听力长对话技巧课件（85页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、*1单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版副标题样式l四级长对话听力Long Conversationsl一、三大基本功l二、句型熟悉l三、长对话设题点解密l四、10大听前预测方法l五、真题演练一、三大基本功l（一）听前预测l(二) 听时抓“点”l（三）注意使用缩略语一、三大基本功l（一）听前预测l1. 先纵后横l 所谓“先纵”，就是首先通读每篇后的3-4个小题，找出关键词，前后联系，预测全篇大致主题。 所谓“后横”，就是在仍有时间的情况下，通看各题选项，看看是否存在生词，总结长句的核心意思，以此预测考点和可能的答案。l两步预测都要注意随时做出标注,划出关键词或简写长句的大意,因为单凭记忆在
2、高压的听力考试中是万万靠不住的。l以2007年12月Conversation Two为例:l23. A) She is thirsty for promotion. B) She wants a much higher salary. C) She is tired of her present work. D) She wants to save travel expenses.l 首先通过promotion, salary和work可得出本对话的大致主题是有关职业,再联系两次出现的wants,想到或许与求职有关,并顺理成章地想到可能会谈到离职的原因、新职位的性质以及薪酬等等。这就是上面所说
3、的先纵。此后我们可对选项中较长的词语做标注, 通过听录音我们发现本题答案的对应信息在原文中是Im fed up with my job., 正是tired of的同义置换。这就是上面所说的后横。l可见,事先标注关键信息,可让我们在听时将注意力集中到更小的点,起到事半功倍的效果。2. 分清主次l与生活中的情形相似,双方对话的时候常有主次之分,如:一方询问,另一方作答时,关键信息多出现在作答一方,考点自然也就多出于此。分清对话双方的主次对于我们预测考点出现的位置很重要,方法也简单易行。l以2006年12月Conversation Two为例:l800l22. A) It was about a l
4、ittle animal.B) It took her six years to write.C) It was adapted from a fairy tale.D) It was about a little girl and her pet.l23. A) She knows how to write best-selling novels.B) She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults.C) She is able to win enough support from publishers.D) She can make a
5、living by doing what she likes.l24. A) The characters. B) The readers. C) Her ideas. D) Her life experiences.l25. A) She doesnt really know where they originated.B) She mainly drew on stories of ancient saints.C) They popped out of her child-hood dreams.D) They grew out of her long hours of thinking
6、.lA d c al通看下划线部分不难发现,几乎所有的选项都与女性会话者有关,可料想此对话中男性会话者多提出问题,女性多做答复,听时当然主要听女性会话者所说的内容。 (二) 听时抓“点”l有了充分的听前预测,听时的主要任务就是抓住考点,且掌握如下两个原则:l1. 考点均匀分布,易出现在话轮转换处l 首先,长对话后设的3-4个小题一般均匀地分布在对话的每个回合,极少出现某一个回合包含两个考点的情况。这样,我们在一个对话回合中找到一个考点后,剩余的部分就可不做详听,让紧张的神经稍做放松,有利于将精力集中于下面的考点。l其次,考点的位置多是话轮转换的时候。具体的说,就是对话一方某段发言的开头和结尾部
7、分,这也完全符合西方人的思维习惯,即在发言伊始多是开门见山,而在发言结尾处又总括强调。l仍以2006年12月Conversation Two为例:lM: Hi, Miss Rowling, how old were you when you started to write? And what was your first book?lW: I wrote my first story when I was about six. It was about a small animal, a rabbit, I mean, and Ive been writing ever since. (22
8、题考点)lM: Why did you choose to be an author?lW: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness, step one would be finding out what you love doing most and step two would be finding someone to pay you to do this. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing. (23题考点)lM: Do
9、you have any plans to write books for adults?lW: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one, but I never really imagine a target audience when Im writing. The ideas come first, so it really depends on the ideas that grasp me next. (24题考点)lM: Where did the ideas for the
10、Harry Potter books come from?lW: Ive no idea where the ideas came from. And I hope Ill never find out. (25题考点) It would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny wrinkle on the surface of my brain, which makes me think about the invisible train platform.l2. 重复率较高的词或短语多成为考点l 对话的主要内容理所当
11、然会得到说话人的强调,而一个非常重要且明显的强调方式就是重复,故重复的词语往往能够揭示对话的主题。l如问:What is the news coverage mainly about? 【例7】(710分样卷-22)l【预览选项】lA The latest developments of an armed rebellion in Karnak.lB The fall of Karnaks capital city into the hands of the rebel forces.l C The epidemic that has just broken out in the countr
12、y of Karnak.l D The peace talks between the rebels and the government in Karnak.l而原文中多次出现rebel forces, conflict, war等与叛乱相关的词语,也可判断本题答案为A) The latest developments of an armed rebellion in Karnak.l（三）注意使用缩略语l记笔记一定要迅速，而要想在有限的时间内尽可能比较全面的记录重点信息，使用一定的缩略语和熟悉的符号是十分必要的，主要有以下几种方法：l1)利用数学符号。l如equal写成“=”; “”表示“
13、unequal”;“”代表increase/up; “”表示result from/because/since/for/as;“”代表lead to/result in/has become/turn into;“”表示decrease/drop/dip/fall;“”代表about/almost;表示more than;表示 less than;“ +”代表include/cover;“-”则是exclude等。l2)利用数字和其他固定符号。l能用数字或其他固定符号代表的词全部用阿拉伯数字或符号，这样既能节约时间，又能避免拼写错误，如：twenty写成 20; nineteen eighty
14、 four记作1984; $=dollar; =pound; 11 in the morning=11 am; 11 in the evening=11 pm等。l3)创造自己的速写符号。l在平时的训练中也可以使用和创造一些符合自己习惯的缩略语和符号，如u可代表understand(ing); m可代表mean(ing); m=minute; s=second; h=hour; imp.=important/importance; nec.=necessary等。二、长对话的常用词汇/短语及句型l1.工作类l2.家庭日常生活类l3.休闲时光类l1.工作类大学英语教学突出实用性,即让学生毕业后能
15、在实际工作中自如地运用英语进行交流。大学英语四级的听力考试也正是突出了这一特点,所以涉及工作的话题颇多,但是很少谈论具体工作细节,大都是日常的工作情况,请大家注意这方面语料的积累,在取得好成绩的同时,也进一步提高自己的实际英语应用能力。l总结经常出现的相关词汇/短语如下:lberesponsiblefor,outofcontrol,trading,financialmarket,work-related,changingjobs,highstress,astressfuljob,anelementofstress,long-termperformanceandsuccess,equipment
16、,proposal,humanresources,advertisinginthepapers,advertisingstrategy,commercials,investment,profit,budget,effectivecommunicationskills,abilitytoworkindividually,retire,retirement,scheme,temporarystaff,committeework,inchargeof,resum,etc.l以下总结工作类话题经常出现的句子/句型:lDidyouhavetimetolookatmyproposal?lIfwewanttostaycompetitive,weneedto.lWellhavetodiscuss.lWeshouldconsider.lItisnotenoughanymore.lWeneedtobemoreaggressiveinordertokeepaheadofourcompetitors.lWellbeabletoaffordthis.lIamfedupwithmyjob.lIfIstayonmy
