《中考应对策略之突破选词填空》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考应对策略之突破选词填空（5页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 中考应对策略之突破选词填空 摘 要：选词填空这一种考题的特点是综合能力强、难度大。因此，学生在此题失分比例较高，尤其对于农村初中学生来说，简直无从下手。那么，怎样解决这一难题呢？关键词：阅读；策略；选词“选词填空”题是近几年来河南省中招考试新增加的一项内容，也就是说，对孩子们的阅读能力又是一种新的挑战，笔者根据近几年的教学经验，为孩子们总结了这类题的应对策略，下面就简单地谈一下我的见解。一、纵览全文，把握大意大部分学生拿到一篇文章后，最容易犯的错误就是急于求成，对此，在平时的教学中，我经常反复强调，让孩子们按以下的程序来做：拿到文章应该首先通读一遍，通过这一遍的阅读，就可以掌握好多信息，这些
2、都是为了要做到胸有成竹。二、“左顾右盼”，提取有效信息什么是左顾右盼？就是对于要填的空，大家不应该只注意到这个空，而应该时刻注意这个空的左边或是右边的句子，因为这个空的有用信息往往隐藏在它的左邻右舍。在焦作市2011-2012学年（上）期末调研测试试卷中，词语运用有这样一篇文章：Dreaming High School is home to three very special young people:Kathy,Fred and Jimmy.These three students all volunteer1 time to help other people.This voluntee
3、r work2each of them several hours a week.Kathy loves to read，3she puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care center at her local elementary school.Here,she helps young4to read.Fred loves animals and plans to study to be a veterinarian5he leaves school.He spends every Saturday mor
4、ning6in an animal hospital.Jimmy wants to be a professional singer.He sings for groups of people at the city hospital to cheer them up.”Volunteering is great!”Says Kathy.“Not only do I feel good about helping other people,but I get to7time doing what I love to do.”Fred says he has learned8about anim
5、als than before.Jimmy says he has met some 9people at the hospital.The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project10their school.“Dont put it off.”Says Kathy. “Become a volunteer today!”文中所给的词是以下12个：but,child,much,when,spend,wonderful,they,and,work,at, on,take.要想正确填出文中的第一个空，必须注意这个空左边的关
6、键词these three students这三个学生，句子的谓语是volunteer,既然主语是三个学生，当然就是他们的时间了，所给的词里有they这个词，因此，需要根据题目要求用它的正确形式their了。三、“瞻前顾后”，整体理解要做好选词填空，学生们要掌握的另一个阅读技巧就是瞻前顾后，千万不要就空论空，否则，就会使自己深陷“不识庐山真面目，只缘身在此山中”的困境。在近年来的很多试题中都体现了这种阅读方法，比如下面一篇文章：Henry Bond was about ten years old when his father died. His mother found it difficu
7、lt to support a large family.However,she succeeded in1Henry, the oldest,to school.Henry wanted2but his mother could not provide him with the money to buy it.He was so 3that he went to bed thinking what could be done.When4in the morning, he found that a deep snow had fallen,and the cold wind was blow
8、ing5“Ah,”said he,“the wind blows（吹）nobody good.”He rose，ran to the house of a neighbour,and 6his service to clear a path（小道）around the buildings.The offer was accepted.Having finished the work,and received his7，he went to another place for the same purpose,and then to another8he had earned enough to
9、 buy a grammar.When school started,Henry was happy9his seat,and ready to begin the lesson in his new book.From that time,Henry was always the10in all his lessons.He knew no such word as fail,and always succeeded in all.With the will.He always found the way.通过阅读这篇文章，大家可以发现，要想很快做出第二个空是比较难的，因为文章当中，临近这个
10、空的地方都没有给出提示词或关键词，这个时候就要用到瞻前顾后这一点了，当大家阅读到第八个空后面的句子是，是不是有一种豁然开朗的感觉了呢，原来第二个空的提示语是这一句：He had earned enough to buy a grammar,其中的grammar就是关键词，第二个空是不是就迎刃而解了。四、回头检查，突破难点掌握了以上几种方法以后，选词填空题基本上就没有什么难题了，但还可能存在个别难点，对于实在填不出来的空，大家也不要着急，这时需要耐下性子，返回头去重新阅读一遍，每一遍的阅读都会产生不一样的理解，尤其是重新回头的这一遍，由于大部分信息都已完成，往往会产生柳暗花明的效果。阅读能力的提升并不是一朝一夕的事，它需要学生长期的刻苦努力，需要教师不断地总结先进并适用的教学方法，“得阅读者得天下”我相信，通过教师和学生们的共同努力，选词填空这个难题，我们一定能够突破，一定能让学生信心满满地轻装上阵，金榜题名。（作者单位 河南省焦作市第三十中学） -全文完-
