选择性必修三第二单元复习--重点突破1. absence n. 缺乏，不存在 [u]；缺席，不在 absent adj. 缺席的，不在的；不存在的，缺少的；心不在焉的，出神的【搭配辨析】(1) in the absence of 由于缺乏(2) in/during one’s absence 某人不在的时候(3) be absent from 不在，缺席 Eg. Actually, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment事实上，在没有母语环境的情况下，把英语作为一门外语来学习是非常困难的即学即用】(1) 老板由于在他不在的时候工作努力而感到高兴The boss was very happy because the employees had worked hard ______________________.(2) 此案确凿证据而不予受理The case was dismissed _______________________________（因缺乏）definite proof.2. bother vt. 使烦恼；vi. 花费时间精力（做某事） bothersome adj. 引起麻烦的；困扰人的；讨厌的【搭配辨析】(1) bother doing sth./to do sth. 费心地/麻烦地做某事(2) bother sb. with sth. 麻烦某人某事(3) bother with/about 麻烦……，担心……；为……而麻烦/担心(4) It bothers sb. to do sth./that... 干某事使某人烦恼/担心(5) Don’t bother. 不麻烦了；不必了Eg.You should keep your mind on the task, and not bother about personal gains or losses. 你应该把心思放在工作上，不要患得患失。
即学即用】 (1) 今天不要麻烦为我准备晚饭了，我要在外边吃 You don't ____________ dinner for me today，for I’ll eat out．(2) 那个淘气的男孩向我提了一大堆奇怪的问题，真烦人 The naughty boy ________________ a great many strange questions．3. occupy vt. 占用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于 occupation n. 职业 ; 占有，占领 ; 使用，占用，居住 【搭配辨析】(1) occupy oneself with sth. 使某人忙于某事(2) occupy oneself (in) doing sth. 使某人忙于干某事(3) be occupied with sth. 忙于某事(4) be occupied (in) doing sth. 忙于干某事Eg. He would have attended your birthday party but he occupied himself with a very important experiment.他本来要参加你的生日聚会，但他忙于一个非常重要的实验。
即学即用】(1) ______________ (occupy) himself with the experiment, he had little leisure time .(2) 他一个月以来一直忙于写一篇论文 He _____________________________ an essay．(3) 他一生都在忙于帮助那些需要帮助的孩子occupy）He _________________________________________ helping the children who are _______________________ help all through his life.(4) A game often keeps kids _____________ (occupy) for hours. 4. cast new light on 使（人）进一步了解…… (P16, L19)【搭配辨析】(1) cast/shed/throw light on sth 使（问题等）较容易理解(2) come to light 为人所知；变得众所周知；暴露(3) bring … to light 揭露；发现；公开Eg. Human genome research is casting new light on Alzheimer’s disease. \ 人类基因组研究正进一步了解阿尔兹海默症。
即学即用】（1）他的解释使人进一步了解宇宙是怎样形成的His explanation ______________________________ how the universe formed.（2） 专家的话是这个问题更好理解用强调句型翻译）________________________________________________________________5. circumstance n. 条件，状况；境况，经济状况（复）\【搭配辨析】(1) in/under no circumstances “决不，无论如何不”，位于句首时，需部分倒装 at no time/by no means/in no case/on no account/on no condition) (2) in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然如此【词义辨析】circumstance与situation(1) circumstance意为“情况，境况，形式，环境”，常用复数形式侧重指具体的客观环境或条件Eg. In normal circumstances I would have attended the meeting on time.在正常情况下，我本会准时出席会议的。
2) situation意为“形势，情况，处境，境况；位置”，侧重指的是一种抽象的状况Eg. He is in a difficult situation. 他处境困难The economic situation is now different. 现在经济形势不同了即学即用】(1) 我们任何情况下都不应该背叛我们国家2) 在这种情况下，他觉得无法接受这项工作 he felt unable to accept the job.6. exposure n. 遭受；暴露，揭露，曝光 [c/u]；挨冻，受寒 [u]；亮相，报道 [u]expose vt. 揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；易受攻击的；风险高的【搭配辨析】(1) exposure to sth. 暴露于……；遭受……(2) the exposure of 对……的揭露(3) expose...to... 把……暴露于……，使……遭受……(4) be exposed to 暴露于，遭受Eg. Spacesuits allow astronauts to breathe in space and protect them from exposure to the cold and radiation.宇航服能使宇航员在太空呼吸，而且可以防止他们受到寒冷和射线的侵袭。
即学即用】(1) Among the environmental risks for cancer, there are growing concerns about ___________ (expose) to different types of pesticides(杀虫剂) from farming.(2) Young people may risk going deaf if they are _______________ (expose) to very loud music every day.(3) 夏天你最好不要让皮肤暴露在太阳下用expose翻译句子） _____________________________________________________________________7. in view of 鉴于，由于，考虑到 【搭配辨析】(1) at first view 初看；一见（就）(2) in one’s view 在某人看来，依照个人的见解(3) from one’s point of view 从某人的角度/观点出发(4) come into view 进入视野，出现在视野中(5) view…as… 把……看作……Eg. The sun disappeared from view. 太阳看不见了。
There was nobody in view. 一个人也看不见I didn’t have a good view of the stage. 我看不清舞台.【即学即用】(1) ___________________（由于）the weather, the event will now be held indoors.(2) ___________________（依我看）, it was a waste of time.(3) The lake soon _____________________（映入眼帘）.(4) 英语被看作是国际间交流电工具8. vital adj. 必不可少的；对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的；生机勃勃的 【搭配辨析】(1) be vital to/for对…… 是必不可少的/极为重要的(2) be of vital importance 极其重要的(3) It is vital to do sth. 干某事是极重要的(4) It is vital that+S+(should)+v. …是极重要的Eg. The police play a vital role in our society.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用【即学即用】(1) Water and food ______________________________ (对……极为重要)life.(2) It is vital that every student _______________________ (respect) their teachers.。