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1、2022高校英语四级考试阅读专项练习(18)Passage 2A growing world population and the discoveries of science may _11_ this pattern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, control floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; and in _12_ the population of the world i
2、s _13_ increasing. In 1925 there were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.When numbers rise the 14 mouths must be fed. New lands must be I bought under cultivation, or land already farmed made to _15_ larger crops. In some areas the
3、 accessible land is largely so intensively _16_ that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too _17_ to allow for much improvement in farming methods. Were a larger part of this farming population drawn off i
4、nto industrial occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern methods.There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the _18_ of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being developed which will thrive in _19 _clima
5、tes; irrigation and dry-farming methods bring poor lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to _20_ water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to suit particular soils; aero planes spray cro
6、ps to destroy insects and many plant diseases.A. ensure B. violently C. alter D. harmfulE. cultivated F. unique G. transplanted H. yieldI. consequence J. output K. extra L. steadilyM. tiny N. unfavorable O. producePassage 3The process of perceiving others is rarely translated (to ourselves or others
7、) into cold, objective terms. She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt. More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint (强调 ) his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomp
8、lish this difficult job very quicklyperhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed persons behavior with the known others behavior,
9、observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for, deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the persons responses to specific stimuli (刺激因素) , asking people who have ha
10、d or have frequent contact with the person about him or her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another personquestion, self-disclosures, and so on.Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and th
11、e methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we wont ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge
12、such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well(e. g. secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationsh
13、ip as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e. g. disclosures and truthful statement).21. According to the passage, if we perceive a person, we are likely to be interested inA. what he wears B. how tall he isC. how happy he is D. what color he dyes his hair22. Some
14、 people are often surprised by what other people do. According to Berger, that is mainly because_.A. some people are more emotional than othersB. some people are not aware of the fact that we will never completely know another personC. some people are sensitive enough to sense the change of other pe
15、oples attitudesD. some people choose to keep to themselves23. We may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him because_.A. we dont accept the idea that we might never fully know another personB. we often get information in a casual and inexact wayC. we pay more attention
16、to other peoples motivations and emotions 62 D. we often have face-to-face conversation with him24. There are things that we find preventing us from knowing others. These things areA. disclosures B. deceptionsC. stimuli D. interactions25. This passage mainly concerns_.A. the relationship between people B. the perception of ot
