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1、2022年职称英语考试综合类补全短文辅导（三）Einstein Named “Person of the Century”Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as “Person of the Century” by Time magazine on Sunday.A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific geniu
2、s, Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific though that set the stage for the age of technology.“The world has changed far more in the past 101 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technolog
3、icaltechnologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science,” wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einsteins significance. _ (1) _.Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt1 to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Maha
4、tma Gandhi2 as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics.“What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedoms fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Eins
5、tein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom, ”said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. _ (2) _. He was slow to learn to speak and
6、did not do well in elementary school. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams3.In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. _ (3) _. Everything elsemass, weight, space, even time itselfis a v
7、ariable. And he offered the world his now-famous equation: energy equals mass times the speed of light squaredE=mc2._ (4) _. “There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality. ”Einsteins famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atom
8、ic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist4, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did. _ (5) _. Einstein did not work on the projec
9、t.Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955.词汇：unravel ʌnrævəl vt. 解开 personify pə(:)sɔnifai vt. 象征，体现synonymous sinɔniməs adj. 同义词 intricate intrikit adj. 困难的runner-up 亚军，其次名 constant kɔnstənt n. 常量icon aɪkɔn n. 象征;图符 variable vəri
10、01;bl n. 变量totalitarianism ,təʊtælɪteərɪənɪzɚm n. 极权主义equation ikweiən n.等量注释：1. President Franklin Roosevelt ：美国第32任总统罗斯福 (1882-1945)2. Mahatma Gandhi ：印度政治和精神领袖、改革家甘地(1869-1948)3. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams. ：他
11、无法忍受一切都支配得死死的教学，厌烦考试。4. avowed pacifist ：公开承认的和平主义者练习：A. “Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics,” Isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Times choices.B. How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general publics view about Albert Einstein
12、.C. “Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein.”D. Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the “Manhattan Project” that secretly developed the first atomic weapon.E. In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become.F. In his “Special The
13、ory of Relativity,” Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.答案与题解：1. C 本文主要讲爱因斯坦为20世纪人类科学作出的重大贡献。本段是理论物理学家史蒂芬霍金在时代杂志上发表的一片评价爱因斯坦所做贡献的文章中的几句话，他说世界在过去的101年发生的改变比以往任何一个世纪都大得多，其缘由不在于政治或经济，而在于技术-由于基础科学的进步而干脆造就的新技术者两句话并未提及爱因斯坦，因此此处选C最合适：“明显，没有一位科学家能比爱因斯坦更好地代表这些科学进步。”
14、those 在此发挥了连接作用。2. E 本段简要介绍爱因斯坦早年生平。E说：“爱因斯坦在小时候并未显示日后会成为大科学家的任何天赋。”后一句话事实上是对E的具体说明。3. F 本段主要介绍爱因斯坦提出的相对论。第一句话告知我们1905年的时候爱因斯坦发表一个人类历呈现稀奇巧想象力的理论，第三、四句话是详细说明相对论，F说：“在特别相对论中，爱因斯坦描述了宇宙中为什么恒定的是光速。”由此看来F放在此处最合适，其中constant 和variable意思相反，构成词汇连接(lexical cohesion)。4. A 本段是伊萨克森在时代杂志上的一篇文章中对相对论的深远意义所做的评述，他说：“相
15、对论间接地位道德、艺术和政治领域中新相对主义的出现铺平了道路。”后一句是对此的进一步说明。5. D 本段主要讲爱因斯坦与原子能和原子武器发展的关系。前一句告知我们爱因斯坦1939年在一封信给罗斯福总统的敦促美国抢在纳粹德国之前研制原子弹的信上签了名。D说：“罗斯福对这项建议非常关注，遂制定了隐私制造第一颗原子弹的曼哈顿安排。”后一句说爱因斯坦未参加这项安排，其中 the project 指的就是 the “Manhattan Project”。本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第4页 共4页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页
